@article{ author = {Hanachi, Pirouz and mollazadeh, fatemeh and FadaeiNezhadBahramjerdi, somayeh}, title = {Developing the conceptual framework of value-based management in cultural and historical places ؛ (Looking at the Islamic Culture)}, abstract ={In recent decades, following the changes in attitudes to cultural heritage and its values, approaches of the cultural places management also been changed. A values-based approach as a current most preferred approach to heritage conservation that often called “value-led”planning or “value led conservation management”. Since to distinguish it from more traditional conservation management approaches we must know some features of value based management. This approach adopted and advocated by major conservation authorities,both at the national and international level and by major research and educational institutions such as Getty conservation institute, and some other organization and institutes like English heritage, Unesco, Heritage Lottery Fund and etc. Reviewing international documents and related theories indicates that the value-based approach is, in many ways, a response to the recognition of the increasing complexity of heritage. It evolved in various parts of the world, for instance in Canada and the USA, and became better known through the Burra Charter, first developed by ICOMOS Australia in 1979 and subsequently updated in 1999 and 2013.The Charter promoted the assessment of the significance of a place–based on the values attributed by all stakeholders (not only by the experts) and the use of a Statement of “Significance” – that has been used to mean the overall importance of a site, determined through an analysis o f the totality of the values attributed to it. Significance also reflects The importance a place has with respect to one or several of its values, and in relation to other comparable sites and as a basis for developing conservation and management strategies. Also best practice for heritage conservation planning in Canada and British Columbia follows a value-based approach to the stewardship and management of historic places. This approach allows the community to clearly articulate why historic places matter, and ensures confidence that identified heritage values remain for present and future generations. After a short time this concept was developed by the work on Conservation Plans by James Kerr (1982). He brought a systematic approach to developing conservation and management plans based on values and more importantly, on the cultural significance of a heritage place to society. In the context of a value-based approach, through the concepts of stakeholder groups and values, community is considered to be placed at the core of management, so sometimes the values of different groups become incompatible and can make serious conflicts, but heritage professionals have been looking for ways to bring forth the views of all stakeholders and to resolve the conflicts that inevitably arise. In this changed environment, decisions about heritage need to be negotiated and the search is for an approach that assures equity, avoiding those in which the values that prevail belong to the group with the most political power. In value based management heritage is not self evident,with intrinsic/inherent values, as in a material-based or traditional approach; it is people / stakeholder groups that ascribe (subjective) values to it and define heritage, and thus heritage is seen as an extrinsic and social process.Therefore, the main purpose of this approach is to maintain significance and promote the values which attributed to the place by all community groups. This management process uses heritage values to guide decision making about historic places. Heritage values are defined as the historic, aesthetic, spiritual, social, cultural, and scientific significance or importance of a place for past, present, or future generations. When beginning a value-based management system, it is best to have an understanding of the heritage values of the community as a whole before trying to understand the significance of individual places. The context study develops this big-picture understanding of why citizens care about the character and identity of the community, and how that has been shaped over time. After presenting theoretical basics of value-based management in international levels, a section of essay is about Islamic culture and its perspective on cultural heritage management to clarify the common points of national and interinternational theoretical basis and extracting cultural heritage value priorities. The Holy Qur'an as the main reference of the Muslims and the pursuit of all values in the Islamic society can be a reliable source for examining the past position, cultural heritage and its values, the way of management and policy making in Islamic culture. In Islamic society, all personal and social relations and the rules governing it directly or indirectly originate from the concepts of the Qur'an and are in fact the best reference for obtaining social values; Since there is a strong relationship between the policies of heritage conservation management and social values in each society, the important rule of the Holy Qur'an cannot be denied in violation of social values in Islamic societies. That’s the truth that there are no direct and explicit references to cultural heritage, priority of values and their role in policy making and management in the holy Quran, but it can be deduced from some analyzes that Mahdi Hojjat (one of the great experts of Iranian cultural heritage has) given to Quranic verses in this regard that they can be used to provide a conceptual framework for research. However the holy Qur'an as the encyclopedia and the origins of the Islamic community values has repeatedly emphasized on the cultural heritage and its values indirectly as with the perception of some of its verses we can prioritize the values attributed to cultural heritage into three main categories : 1- sociocultural values 2- historical-documentary values and 3- Instrumental values. After After classifying values they can applied in setting the policy framework based on Islamic social values system. The reality is that, management in the Islamic society should be based on the requirements of the local community and respect for them and this is exactly in line with the same international principles that nowadays emphasized by the formulation of management and conservation programs based on the partnership and needs of all stakeholders and the local community. This paper seeks to develop a conceptual framework for value-based management through providing the whole process of management plan as a tool for value-based management. It can be achieved by reviewing international documents, operational guidelines of Institutions on the one hand, and the related theories and Islamic culture on the other, So based on research goals, the qualitative research methodology is chosen and with applying logical reasoning strategy as well as ‘content analysis’ and ‘logical inference. According to value-based management conceptual framework in this paper, significance that includes tangible and intangible values of the heritage, introduced as the core of proposed framework;to maintain the significance of place,three Steps should be considered: 1- Understanding the place 2- Developing policies and 3- Management. This process realized by participation of all conservationists, local communities and stakeholders. Finally, according to research studies and conceptual model, this article provides a general process for the management of cultural and historical places based on values-led approach.}, Keywords = {Conceptual framework؛ value؛ value-based management؛ cultural and historical places؛ Islamic culture}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {توسعه چارچوب مفهومی مدیریت ارزش‌مبنا در مکان‌های فرهنگی تاریخی ؛ (با نگاهی به فرهنگ اسلامی)}, abstract_fa ={در دهه‌های اخیر بدنبال تحولات صورت گرفته در نگرش به میراث فرهنگی و ارزش‌های آن، رویکرد مدیریت مکان‌‌های ‌فرهنگی‌-تاریخی نیز دستخوش تغییرات گردیده ‌است. رویکرد ارزش‌مبنا به عنوان رایج‌ترین رویکرد مدیریتی از اواخر قرن بیستم مورد توجه مجامع علمی در سطح بین‌المللی قرارگرفته ‌است; این رویکرد که به واسطه منشور بورا به جامعه حفاظتی ارائه گردید، از طریق تجربیات عملی مؤسسه‌ی حفاظتی گتی و نظریه‌های افرادی همچون جیمزکر توسعه یافت و بعدها به سازمان‌ها و مؤسسات بین‌المللی دیگری راه یافت. بررسی اسناد بین‌المللی، نظریه‌های مرتبط، جایگاه و اولویت ارزش‌های میراث فرهنگی در قرآن کریم و نهایتاً مدیریت بر مبنای نظام ارزشی فرهنگ اسلامی نشانگر آن است که رویکرد ارزش مبنا، پاسخی مناسب برای شناخت جنبه‌های پیچیده و در حال توسعه میراث ارائه می‌نماید که هدف اصلی آن حفظ اهمیت معنایی مکان و ارتقاء ارزش‌هایی است که توسط همه‌ی گروه‌های جامعه به آن نسبت داده‌ می‌شود و دستیابی به این هدف از طریق برنامه‌ی مدیریتی ساختاریافته و مبتنی بر سیستم ارزشی جامعه‌ میسر می‌گردد از این رو مقاله حاضر از طریق بازخوانی اسناد و دستورالعمل‌های عملیاتی سازمان‌های بین‌المللی از یک سوی و دیدگاه‌های صاحب‌نظران و جایگاه میراث فرهنگی و ارزش‌های آن در فرهنگ اسلامی از سوی دیگر، با بهره‌گیری از روش کیفی و راهبرد تحلیل محتوا در پی توسعه چارچوب مفهومی مدیریت ارزش‌مبنا از طریق ارائه فرآیند کلی برنامه‌ی مدیریتی می‌باشد. بر مبنای چارچوب مفهومی مدیریت ارزش مبنا در این مقاله، اهمیت معنایی مکان که خود در برگیرنده ارزش‌های میراث است و بر مبنای سیستم ارزشی جامعه اسلامی و مد نظر قرار دادن اولویت‌بندی آن‌ها از دیدگاه قرآن کریم تنظیم می‌گردد به عنوانِ هسته‌ی اصلی چارچوب پیشنهادی معرفی می‌‌گردد. به‌ منظور حفظ اهمیت معنایی مکان باید سه مرحله درک مکان، سیاستگذاری و مدیریت مورد توجه واقع شوند و این فرآیند به واسطه مشارکتِ متخصصان حفاظت، جامعه محلی و ذینفعان محقق می‌گردد.}, keywords_fa = {چارچوب مفهومی, ارزش, مدیریت ارزش مبنا, مکان‌های فرهنگی – تاریخی, فرهنگ اسلامی}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-5582-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-5582-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {lotfi, s. and Sholeh, Mahs}, title = {Assessing the Old Buildings Reclaimability into the New Life Cycle Implementing Adaptive Reuse Potential (ARP) Model}, abstract ={Building stocks are the most important physical capacity for infill development and planning for their preservation, restoration and improvement in order to re-use has been an important chapter on urban conservation during the last decades. According to official statistics, parallel to paradigm shifts in the field of urban regeneration and active conservation, using old buildings in European cities has increased and the demolition and reconstruction of historical and aged structures have been pushed into the margin. In a comparison one could easily see how many of the old structures in the Iranian cities have been demolished in recent years and an important number of characteristic buildings have vanished from the urban context easily; what have been substituted has no relevance to the tangible and intangible values, lost within the process. The process of adaptive re-use is an outstanding criteria in the way of safeguarding physical and architectural identity and strengthening the ‘placefulness’ of historic fabrics and urban cores. In the contemporary literature of urban regeneration, some positive characteristics and principles like social and environmental sustainability, sense of place, planning mechanism upgrading, economical efficiency and built environment authenticity are attributed to the adaptive re-use of aged structures. Meanwhile the possibility to re-use the aged structure is something that should be considered in a technical and timely manner. The life cycle of building materials and the course of inevitable decline have a tremendous role in how and when a structure could be regained and reintroduced to the urban life cycle. This article revises the process of adaptive reuse and its benefits and parallel to the subject, proposes a new equivalent for the title of ‘Adaptive Reuse’ in Persian which would refer to the both parts of the term in a literary and semantic manner. Introducing the ‘Adaptive Reuse Potential’ model would be a solution for tracing the decay curve of aged structures and assessing the building adaptive reuse design and obsolescence criteria. This model and its subordinate equations demonstrate the point of maximum potential and the effective useful life of a building subject to adaptive reuse. As the Adaptive Reuse has also a policy-making aspect, estimating the condition of the buildings and calculating the potential that determines whether they could be brought back to the cycle as suitable infrastructures having the peciularities needed for a contemporary role is very crucial to the course. Implementing this model in a case study reveals its condition of obsolescence and the potential for the recovery of an aged structure into a new life cycle. An old and architecturally valuable building in the historic-modern core of Tehran [Lāleh Hotel in Lālehzār-e-no Ave.], has been assessed by ARP model and confirm this hypothesis that there are many potentially good buildings capable to be re-used in the inner parts of Iranian cities which have been fallen into oblivion and if the chance of undertaking adaptive reuse projects is missed, there will be an inevitable scenario for them to be demolished and reconstructed; a deep pity for the future generation of citizens disconnected of their glorious architectural background.}, Keywords = {Building Life Cycle؛ Old Buildings؛ Adaptive Reuse Potential؛ Active Conservation؛ Reclaimability}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {15-34}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {ارزیابی میزان بازگشت‌پذیری ساختارهای واجد قدمت به چرخه حیات دوباره پیشنهاد مدل «بالقوّگی بازکاربست همساز» در نمونه‌ای از بافتِ‌میانی تهران}, abstract_fa ={ذخیره‌های ساختمانی، مهمترین ظرفیت کالبدی توسعه درون‌زای شهری بوده، و برنامه‌ریزی برای مرمّت، ارتقاء و استفاده دوباره از آن، یکی از مهمترین سرفصل‌های حفاظت‌شهری فعّال طی دهه‌های اخیر بوده است. این روند، عاملی مهم در راه صیانت از هویّت کالبدی، و تقویت مکان‌بودگی هسته‌های تاریخی شهرها است. در ادبیات معاصرِ مرمّت‌شهری نیز، ویژگی های مثبتی مانند پایداری اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی، تقویت حسّ مکان، به روزرسانی سازوکار برنامه ریزی، بهره‌وری اقتصادی و حفظ اصالت محیط انسان‌ساخت، از جمله مزیّت‌های استفاده دوباره از ساختارهای ارزشمند و واجد قدمت، شناخته شده است. این مقاله، ضمن بازخوانی همین روند، و استفاده از واژه ترکیبی بازکاربست‌همساز به مثابه معادلی برای عنوان Adaptive Re-use ، به بازخوانی و تطبیق‌پذیر نمودن مدل «بالقوّگی بازکاربست همساز» یا ARP (Adaptive Re-use Potential) می پردازد. بازخوانی معادله منحنی فرسودگی، و شناخت دقیق عوامل فرساینده-منسوخ‌کننده ساختارهای واجد قدمت، مدل «بالقوّگی بازکاربست همسازی» را به برآورد عمر مفید ساختار، و بهترین زمان مداخله با هدف مرمّت و روزآمدسازی آن نائل می کند. حاصل پیاده‌کردن این مدل برای یک بنای مشخّص، فهم شرایط منسوخ‌شدگی آن، و موقعیت کیفی-زمانی ساختار در ارتباط با میزان بازگشت‌پذیری به چرخه حیات دوباره است. استفاده از این مدل، در تعیین شرایط فرسودگی و بالقوّگی بازکاربست همساز برای نمونه‌ای از بناهای واجد ارزش بافت میانی تهران، به این فرضیه قوّت می بخشد که بسیاری از ساختارهای ارزشمند در بافت های تاریخی و میانی، در شرایطی قرار گرفته‌اند که امروز همچنان می توانند هدف طرح‌های موفّق بازکاربست همساز باشند، ولی در صورت از دست دادن فرصت، امکان بازگشت به چرخه حیات، و ارتقاء به منظور استفاده دوباره و منطبق با نیاز روز را از دست خواهند داد، و منحنی فرسودگی را به سوی درغلتیدن به وادی بازسازی اجباری، پیش خواهند برد.}, keywords_fa = {چرخه حیات ساختمان, ساختار واجد قدمت, بالقوّگی بازکاربست همساز, حفاظت فعّال, بازگشت‌پذیری به چرخه حیات}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-1821-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-1821-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mirgholami, Morteza and toghraii, A. and ghazipour, S.}, title = {Neoliberalization Process in Contemporary City: A Theoretical Model}, abstract ={Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts. Cities play a strategic role in contemporary political-economic space. Despite of global process-based distribution of political and theoretical status of neo-liberalism, it’s geographical and spatial space transformations have never been experienced at determined methods. This paper indicates the question of neoliberal city form. Question in which relies on “actually existing neo-liberalism” as a key character of “neo-liberal restructuring project”. It refers to ways in which different local contexts are embedded within wider dominant global structural grid of neo-liberal discursive command centers. It implies another key attribute, the “path dependent neo-liberalism”, the neo-liberal project defined on contextually embedded bases, elaborately rearranges, replaces and redefines the structures of existing institutional layout and subsequently transforms the shape of the city in two critical moment of neoliberal restructuring project: the “moment of destruction” and the “moment of creation”. Three different layers of neo-liberal process in cities has distinguished by synthesizing two theoretically different but dialectically intertwined methodological foundations: functional layer, structural layer, “common sense revolution” layer. This synthesized theoretical frame work has conceptualized the contemporary neo-liberal city form transformation by emphasizing on distinction between two different mechanisms of neo-liberal project, the glocalization and urbanization stages. In the last part, explanation of an analytic model of neo-liberal city transformation has been emerged from discussed issues. The columns of this table-formatted model, consists of the layers of neo-liberal process and the rows Includes integrated dimensions of city form. This model provides primitive analytic criteria for understanding the overall layers of neo-liberalization process in specific urban contexts.}, Keywords = {technologies of power؛ everyday life؛ city governance؛ neoliberalism؛ political economy}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {35-47}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {تدوین مدلی نظری از فرایند نئولیبرالیزه‌شدن شهر معاصر جهان}, abstract_fa ={سال‌ها است که شهرها به نقاط استراتژیک بروز سیاستهای نئولیبرال در بعد جغرافیایی و مکانی تبدیل گشته‌اند. علارغم ظاهر جهانی، سیاست‌های نئولیبرالیسم، به عنوان هژمونی غالب فضای اقتصاد سیاسی دهه‌های اخیر، هیچ‌گاه به یک شیوه واحد در اشکال شهری تبلور نیافته اند. زمینه‌ی اقتصادی-سیاسی موجود و شیوه‌های تولید، تعیین کننده‌ی نحوه‌ی بروز نئولیبرالیسم هستند(نئولیبرالیسم به‌واقع موجود). از طرف دیگر، نئولیبرالیسم به‌شدت "روش‌مند" است و با فرایندی کاملا برنامه‌ریزی‌شده شکل شهر را به منظور جانمایی، باز‌آرایی و جابجایی بنگاه‌های اقتصادی خویش متحول می‌گرداند. این دو ویژگی شکل‌دهنده‌ی "پروژه ‌بازسازی‌ نئولیبرال" هستند. درک شکل شهری از خلال فرایند بازسازی نئولیبرال، هدف این مقاله را تشکیل می‌دهد. در این راستا، پس از تعریف چارچوب نظری براساس دو رویکرد متمایز و درعین‌حال درهم‌تنیده‌ی مطرح در ادبیات موضوع(راجر کیل، و برنر و تئودر)، سه لایه‌ی کارکردی پروژه بازسازی نئولیبرال در شهر تشخیص داده شده است: لایه عملکردی، لایه ساختاری و لایه تحول حس مشترک؛ سپس شاخص‌های ساختاری نئولیبرالیسم در شهر، در دو مرحله مجزا از فرایند نئولیبرالیزه‌شدن، یعنی مکانیزم جهان-محلی شدن و مکانیزم شهرگرایی نئولیبرال، در سه گروه کالبدی-فضایی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی و سیاسی-‌اقتصادی در قالب ماتریس شاخص‌ها تبیین گشته‌اند. ماتریس حاصله، ابزاری اولیه‌ برای تحلیل فرایند نئولیبرالیزه‌شدن مکان‌های جغرافیایی و شهری در سه مقیاس محلی، ملی و جهانی است، و نشان می‌دهد نئولیبرالیسم از طریق تحول اقتصاد سیاسی در مقیاس جهانی، دخالت در فناوری‌های قدرت در مقیاس ملی، و تغییر در کیفیت زندگی روزمره در مقیاس محلی بر شهر اثر می‌گذارد.}, keywords_fa = {فناوری قدرت, نئولیبرالیسم , اقتصاد سیاسی, حکمروایی شهری, زندگی روزمره}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-10650-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-10650-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {nasr, T. and Rismani, Amin and Bahadori, Mansour}, title = {The Significance of Natural Components of Quranic Life in Islamic-Iranian Architecture (Case Studies: Residential Architecture of Qajar, Zand and Pahlavi Eras in Shiraz)}, abstract ={Man is considered as a successor to God Almighty on the earth in Islamic teachings. Therefore, man as the Divine Caliph should seek to manifest those qualities that lead to an environment conducive to human life and the development of the earth. When encountering phenomena and his own actions, he must observe some principles, the most important of which such as the observance of justice can be inferred from the nature (as the divine creation). To understand the fundamental of a school of thought that fosters the protection of the nature and natural elements as a strong culture and belief in a given society, one needs to take into account the origins of such a school. When encountering the nature and natural components, the Iranian culture uses the Holy Quran as one of the most important sources whose teaching and doctrines form and direct the Iranian culture. Addressing the components of natural identity affecting architecture and as emphasized in Quranic verses and traditions, this paper explores natural elements as the main variables of “life” and their role in the Islamic-Iranian residential architecture especially “yards”. In current study, residential architecture of Shiraz is like link in the chain that links two introspective and extrovert architecture in central points and other points of Iran. In total, Shiraz residential architecture and its houses has been dedicated this city. In general, it can be said that one of the richest examples of residential culture of Iranian architecture is in Shiraz traditional houses. The historical houses constructed in Zand, Qajar and Pahlavi eras were used as the sample under study. In addition, some solutions were provided for the current period so that thinkers can be able to take into account the pure Islamic life. Selective houses include Mohtasham house, Kazamzadeh house and Akbari house from Zand era, Forough-al-molk house, Manteghi-nejhad house and Atrvash house from Qajar era. Also, Shapouri house, Mohandesi house and Rashali house from Pahlavi era have been studies as other samples. The main questions: Are there any climate elements in Shiraz residential architecture of zand, Qajar and Pahlani eras? How climate elements have been effective on identity of architectural form in each period? So, in this article climatic components and elements effective in Iranian traditional architecture have been studied. These components include wind, sunlight, humidity and plants and some climatic components such as balcony, central courtyard, windows area, height difference between building and courtyard. These parameters have been analyzed in samples case studies. Research study: A qualitative research method was used and the data were collected through library sources and documents. In field studies structure of Shiraz residential architecture has been attention in Zand, Qajar and Pahlavi periods. In sample case studies natural components of identity in architecture have been analyzed as the main parameters. The results suggest that there is a relationship between verses of the Quran and hadiths and paying attention to “life” and “the issue of residence in the Islamic-Iranian architecture” as manifested in the elements of natural identity in each climate.}, Keywords = {"Identity"؛ "life"؛ "Nature"؛ "Human Comfort"؛ "The Islamic-Iranian Residential Architecture in Shiraz"}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {48-62}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {بازخوانی خانه های تاریخی شهر شیراز با تاکید بر جایگاه مولفه های طبیعی در حیات قرآنی}, abstract_fa ={تعالیم اسلامی انسان را به عنوان جانشین خداوند تبارک و تعالی در زمین معرفی می‌نماید. بنابراین انسان خلیفه‌الله باید در پی تجلّی‌دادن کیفیاتی باشد که به ایجاد محیط مناسبی برای زندگی انسان و توسعه زمین بینجامد. انسان در برخورد با پدیده‌ها و همینطور اعمال خویش باید اصولی را مرعی دارد که اهم آنها از طبیعت نیز (به عنوان خلق الهی) قابل استنباط و استنتاط هستند و از جمله مهم‌ترین آنها رعایت عدل است. برای شناخت مبانی تفکری که حفاظت از طبیعت و عناصر طبیعی را در جامعه‌ای به عنوان یک فرهنگ و باوری قوی ایجاد می‌کند، توجه به منابع و مأخذ اصلی آن تفکر ضرورت دارد. در مواجهه و تماس با طبیعت و عناصر طبیعی یکی از مهم‌ترین منابع فرهنگ ایرانی قرآن کریم است که تعالیم آن جهت‌دهنده و کمال‌بخشنده فرهنگ ایرانی بوده‌است. آیات قرآن و احادیث و تعالیم پرحکمت اسلامی همواره طبیعت و عناصر آن را مهم و قابل توجه دانسته‌است و فقه شیعه نیز بر حکم تحریم شرعی در مورد استفاده ناروا از طبیعت تفاسیر متعدد داشته‌است. مقاله حاضر ضمن بیان مؤلفه‌های هویت طبیعی مؤثر در معماری و تأکید آیات و روایات قرآنی بر هریک از آنها به عنوان متغیرهای اصلی تحقیق در «حیات»، به بیان جایگاه این مؤلفه‌ها در معماری مسکونی ایرانی اسلامی و به ویژه «حیاط» می‌پردازد و برای نمونه خانه‌های تاریخی دوره‌های زندیه، قاجاری و پهلوی در شیراز مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. همچنین راهکارهایی برای دوران کنونی بیان می‌گردد تا حیات طیبه اسلامی مورد توجه اندیش‌ورزان قرار گیرد. روش‌تحقیق این مقاله، کیفی است و روش جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به صورت مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی می‌باشد. نتایج حاصله حاکی از آن است که بین آیات قرآنی و احادیث و توجه به «حیات» و «مسأله سکونت در معماری مسکونی ایرانی‌اسلامی» می‌توان رابطه‌ای دانست که با توجه به مؤلفه‌های هویت طبیعی هر اقلیم این مسأله خود را بروز می‌دهد.}, keywords_fa = {"هویت", "حیات", "طبیعت", "آسایش انسان", "معماری مسکونی ایرانی اسلامی در شیراز"}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-6138-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-6138-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {ghaem, G.}, title = {Effects of Iranian Earlier Gardens Architecture on Recent Gardens Architecture}, abstract ={The Iranian gardens architecture and their design have a special position in the world and they are being famous because of this matter. Iranian gardens are one of the national symbols and cultural signs of our country. Iranian gardens from the point of traditions and principles view have many innovations and fine details. In Iranian gardens, nothing is dysfunctional and designed only for aesthetic. Everything which is useful and helpful, are designed beautifully. An Iranian garden is a beautiful artwork, multipurpose and multi functional. But some design principles govern there that people of this territory have adhered to these unwritten principles from a long time ago. The main question that has made author to do this research is, if the Iranian pre-Islamic gardens architecture has had any effect on the Iranian Islamic gardens architecture? In this research, the author has used the archaeological information about pre-Islamic Iranian gardens and tried to find the architectural knowledge from archaeological information. The main goal in this research, is the recognition of the Iranian pre-Islamic gardens architecture and to discover their repetitive architectural design principles and comparing these features with the architecture of Islamic Iranian gardens. This study has achieved on information by referring to books, papers and web pages that have information about the Iranian Pre-Islamic gardens basically.This paper is an output of a research which was based on written sources. It must be mentioned that the author has visited all the gardens mentioned in this study. It should be noted that one of the main problems of this research is a lot of information existence in articles and books repeated unproved subjects of which the author has followed the rejection. For example Chaharbagh idiom in Iranian gardens᾿ design which includes two perpendicular axes, has caused Stronach who is the Archaeologist of Pasargadae, to draw the longitudinal axis of the garden without being aware of this discovery in his exploration. At first he drew it as a dotted line because he had guessed that it might have been real, it has been there and was gradually destroyed. After Stronach, other researchers changed that dotted line to full line and called it as an existing one. In this way they introduced Pasargadae as the first Chaharbagh in Iran. Accepting Pasargadae as the first Chaharbagh, was also a reason for introducing other gardens as Chaharbagh. This paper attempts to explain these wrong ideas. Two Assurian gardens, Pasargadae garden, Shaour garden, Kakhe Khosro and Taghe Bostan are introduced in this paper and the architectural design principles of these gardens are defined. To understand the architecture of pre-Islamic gardens, orientation of pre-Islamic gardens, hierarchy of entry of the garden, the impact of four divisions in the design of garden, the slope of garden, fountain, natural landscape, the architecture of the palace of garden and repetitive rhythm of walls around garden were considered. The design principles of Assurian gardens are concluded as: gardens full of trees, a river full of water with the possibility of sailing, garden on slope, the building of the temple at the highest altitude, hunting birds in the garden, alcove in the lower slope of the garden, diagonal drains, regular and repetitive garden fence walls, royal palace which has balcony was situated in the upper height of the garden, watchtower for care. The design information of Pasargadae garden can be summarized as: dividing the garden into inner garden and external garden, hierarchy of entry, building residential-palace in the inner garden, long balconies facing inner garden, rectangular channels and small ponds ordering specially to irrigate the garden, using natural landscape to make garden complex. Architectural lessons which Shaour garden has for Iranian architecture of gardens can be summarized as: lack of visibility to the inner garden for everybody, creating porch to see the inner garden, visibility from private life space to the garden, presence of fountain in the center of garden. Architectural lessons of Kakhe Khosro garden can be summarized as: presence of inner and outer part of the palace, lack of visibility to the inner garden for all, creating balcony to see the inner garden, view from private life part to the garden, locating fountain in the center of the garden, constructing the building of the garden on a platform with 8 m. height, vast longitude green space following along the courtyard, joining longitude axes of green space and courtyard, large pool in the green space, the pool and built domed space have joint to the longitude axes, the palace of the garden has specified inner and outer part, columned hall and room with domed ceiling face to the outer courtyard, small shrine houses face to the inner courtyard, vast natural garden outside the palace fence, large pool in the middle of garden which is outside the fence, joining longitude axes of the garden and the fountain and the palace building. Architectural lessons for Iranian architectures that can be obtained from Taghe Bostan garden studying, can be summarized as: Taghe Bostan as a royal hunting garden, presence of a regular fence around the garden, a hedge as a garden fence, the landscape of the garden is a natural one, there is a large river with boats sailing on it, regular divisions of garden show a worthy discipline of kingship, a specified entrance to the fence of garden. Finally the mutual features in the design criteria of pre-Islamic gardens have been compared with the architectural principles of the Iranian garden design and as a result of the pre-Islamic gardens architectural design effect principles, on the Islamic gardens architecture and recent gardens have been specified. Being involved with design principles of Iranian Islamic gardens, the articles and books of specialists and expert researchers in the field of Iranian Islamic gardens design have been studied and design principles of the gardens have been extracted from their books and articles. After comparing the design principles which have been used in the architecture of pre Islamic gardens with design principles have been used in the architecture of Islamic gardens can be found on the following common principles: Presence of geometry in the architecture of Persian garden, presence of water and psychological and climatically impact of them in the architecture of Iranian garden, presence of fountain for supplying water and beauty of the landscape in front of palace, using symmetry to design Persian garden, symmetry of built palace in the garden, The main sight axes are symmetrically, using straight lines in architectural design, the importance of the economic aspect of the garden, being a fence around the garden, being surrounded by a wall surrounding or plant.This paper is an attempt to introduce the results that are obtained from the research on pre-Islamic architecture of our country, Iran. It should be mentioned that the reason of researched and selected gardens for this paper was the presence of them in Iran's current territory and their visibility by the author and the existence of many written sources about them. Although the number of pre-Islamic gardens of Iran are much more than discussed ones, in this paper, only some of them were chosen to be investigated. I hope this article can make a small contribution in recognition of the Iranian architectural heritage.}, Keywords = {Key words: Iranian Garden؛ pre-Islamic gardens of Iran؛ Pasargad؛ kakhe Khosro؛ Taghe Bostan}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {63-78}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {تاثیر معماری باغهای متقدم ایران بر معماری باغهای متاخر}, abstract_fa ={هر باغ ایرانی با حفظ اصول نانوشته طراحی باغ، از بدایع و ظرایف ویژه خود برخوردار است. در باغ ایرانی،آنچه مفید و لازم است، زیبا عرضه میشود. اصولی بر طراحی باغ حاکم است که از دیرباز مردم ایران به آن اصول وفادار مانده اند. آیا معماری باغهای پیش از اسلام ایران تاثیری بر معماری باغهای پس از اسلام ایران داشته است؟ سوالی بود که محقق در پی آن، پژوهش حاضر را انجام داد. در این تحقیق تلاش گردید تا با اطلاعاتی که در ارتباط با باغهای پیش از اسلام ایران وجود دارد، این باغها را تحلیل معماری نمود. هدف اصلی این تحقیق شناخت معماری باغهای پیش از اسلام ایران، یافتن اصول طراحی مشترک آنها، و قیاس این ویژگیها با معماری باغهای ایرانی پس از اسلام بود. این پژوهش، تحقیقی کتابخانه ای است. از مشکلات اصلی این پژوهش تکراری بودن بسیاری از اطلاعات در مقالات و کتب بود که نگارنده آنها را تایید نمینمود. در عین حال اطلاعات در مورد باغهای پیش از اسلام ایران اکثرا اطلاعات باستان شناسانه بود، و تلاش گردید این اطلاعات در وادی معماری مورد تفسیر قرار گیرد. به همین منظور جهت گیری باغهای پیش از اسلام، سلسله مراتب ورود به باغ، تاثیر تقسیمات چهارگانه در طراحی باغ، شیب بندی زمین باغ، آبنما، حضور منظر طبیعی، معماری کوشک باغ و ریتم تکرار شونده حصار باغ مورد توجه قرار گرفت. در رابطه با اصول طراحی باغهای پس از اسلام ایران از مقالات و کتب صاحبنظران و محققین متخصص در عرصه طراحی باغ استفاده و این اصول از کتب و مقالات ایشان استخراج گردیده است. در نهایت ویژگیهای مشترک طراحی باغ در دوران پیش از اسلام با اصول طراحی باغ پس از اسلام ایران قیاس شده و در نتیجه تاثیر طراحی باغهای پیش از اسلام ایران در طراحی باغهای پس از اسلام و متاخر مشخص گردیده است.}, keywords_fa = {واژگان کلیدی: باغ ایرانی, باغ های پیش از اسلام ایران, پاسارگاد, کاخ خسرو, طاق بستان}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-11319-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-11319-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Pourjafar, Ali and Ranjbar, Ehsan and Khorami, Ali}, title = {Definition of New Model of Urban Design Qualities for Underground Urban Spaces}, abstract ={Today, cities need public spaces for social interactions. Shortage of land on the ground level in metropolitan areas is a big challenge for creating public spaces. Using underground spaces for creating public space in urban areas could be an efficient answer to solve mention problem. Using underground area as an urban space is a wise decision for creation of more public spaces in big cities. Creating well organized underground urban spaces for various activities instead of normal unplanned underground spaces need theoretical foundation. It seems existing underground spaces in cities such as Toronto, Montreal, Osaka, Paris and Stockholm and future underground spaces need unique urban design qualities to act as riche public spaces. This research is a kind of scientific study on urban design qualities of underground urban spaces. The main aim and objective of this research is to derive appropriate urban design qualities for high quality of underground urban spaces. Basically, quality of urban spaces was defined through observing and descripting existing underground urban spaces and their documents such as reports, maps and photograph; beside analysing various available urban design theories. Importance of accessibility, legibility and their impressive impact on an urban space are significant points that learned from urban design researcher who focus on the mentioned qualities. Special academic information in scientific papers available in national scientific databases of Iran like http://sid.ir and “http://www.magiran.com” shows urban design researchers highlight some of the qualities such as social interaction, security, visual quality and identity. Some of the leading researcher in the field of urban design has focused on accessibility and other qualities like scale of space shape and form, identity in England and America. Underground urban space should answer various urban complexities affecting urban design quality, which differentiate the determination of quality of this kind of space from those on the ground level. Underground urban space requires unique qualities to perform in a different level from other areas of the city such as those on the ground level. In this regard, according to the characteristics of underground urban spaces, it is necessary to provide a set of urban design quality for these types of urban spaces. Underground urban spaces should be studied with respect to technical (mechanical & electrical), architectural and urban design aspects to provide truly useful results. Therefore in relation with urban design quality, it is important to consider the technical aspects. The technical aspect of locating infrastructure at same level of underground urban space is one of the significant aspects which affect the quality of these spaces. According to Sariyildiz & Durmisevic [29] and Pourjafar[18], Key aspects that could have influence on underground space design include: accessibility and enclosure; sense of orientation; spatial proportions; communication with the outside world; natural and artificial lighting; materials and colors; noise level; and air quality. Research carried out by the Dutch Railway in 1996 included both above and underground train stations (as underground urban space) and showed that the most negatively experienced places in the stations are the platforms and places where tunnel were located. The reasons for the negative experience are mainly: unwanted behavior of other people, abandonment, darkness and poor visibility. Architecture integrates both function and form. Through form and function the psychological aspects are interwoven by having an influence on the experience of space in a given context. Only when both are together, they give to each other a meaning and a quality. Considering the psychological aspects which can be strongly influenced by the form and functional aspects is very important. In this way the relationship between spatial characteristics, being form and function, and psychological aspects becomes more transparent. [29] The clear meaning of the concept of quality in the field of urban design will help to understand relationship between underground urban space and its set up of quality. Important qualities in three groups such as function, form and psychological aspects could be explained as follow: Function: communicational patterns, accessibility, space integration, Acoustic, soundscape, lightning, air quality and temperature. [29] Psychological aspects: Impact of wide and visible view of space for consumers to feel secure and crime prevention (C.P.T.E.D), Escape possibility in crisis, natural lightning, social control, sense of orientation, comfort, maintenance, attraction, various services and infrastrucres. [18] Shape & Form: tonality and materials harmony in paving, ceiling and wall, structure and partition walls, dimension, natural and artificial furniture, location and design of stairs and escalators. Overall, it can be found that the most important qualities that response to people’s needs in an underground urban space are security, comfort, legibility and orientation. The result of this research indicates that: based on discussion on underground space features and people’s essential needs in city scale, underground space qualities derived from international and national urban design researcher’s views and reports of urban design projects in USA & England and various case studies in Tehran. Successful underground space project experiences such as Toronto, Montreal, Osaka, Paris and Stockholm; show appropriate qualities for this kind of space like: Social interaction & liveliness, safety, stability, identity, legibility(sense of orientation), diversity, accordance, homology, sense of belonging, comfort, accessibility, flexibility, moderation and space scale. Therefore underground urban space qualities have to be classified with respect to main underground urban space features and their location under the surface of the ground. In this paper a new model is purposed to create effective various responsive underground urban spaces. This new practical model can be called model of overall quality of underground urban space. Overall qualities of underground urban space were classified into three groups, called: «Outer space» qualities, «In-between space» qualities and «Inner space» qualities (Fig. 1).}, Keywords = {urban space؛ Underground urban space؛ Urban Design؛ Quality}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {79-94}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {تببین مدل نوین کیفیت های طراحی شهری فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی}, abstract_fa ={بهره گیری از فضاهای زیرزمینی به عنوان فضاهای شهری به دلیل کمبود زمین شهری در کلان شهرها، در ادبیات «طراحی شهری» دهه های اخیر مطرح شده است. چالش اصلی طراحی و توسعه فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی، برخی خصیصه های این گونه فضاها، در مقایسه با سایر فضاهای شهری روی سطح زمین می باشد، که تا کنون مورد پژوهش کافی قرار نگرفته است. بعلاوه، عدم انجام پژوهش پیرامون کیفیت های طراحی شهری منحصر به فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی عامل دیگری است که امکان بهره برداری از پتانسیل های این گونه فضاها را تضعیف نموده است. به نظر می رسد فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی عصر ارتباطات می بایست بر اساس نیازها و فرهنگ شهروندان طراحی شوند. این گونه فضاها لازم است به دور از آلودگی های گوناگون، بستری آرام و امن را برای تعاملات اجتماعی شهروندان فراهم کند. از این رو تلاش شده تا با پژوهشی توصیفی، ضمن بهره گیری از اسناد و منابع کتابخانه ای در حوزه طراحی شهری، به منظور تبیین کیفیت های خاص یک فضای شهری زیرزمینی، با روش های برآوردی و ارزشیابی به بررسی منابع گردآوری شده پرداخته شود. یافته های این پژوهش توسعه ای مبین برخی کیفیت های فضای شهری مورد تاکید اکثر پژوهشگران ایرانی و غیرایرانی حوزه طراحی شهری و همچنین کیفیت های مستخرج از تجارب پروژه های مجموعه های زیرزمینی بوده که با توجه به برخی خصایص «فضاهای زیرزمینی» قابلیت تعمیم به «فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی» را داراست. نتیجه پژوهش معرف گونه ای از فضاهای شهری در ادبیات طراحی شهری، با ساختار نوینی از طبقه بندی کیفیت ها است. کیفیت های خاص فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی بر اساس حوزه تاثیر، سه گونه کلی «درون فضایی»، «میان فضایی» و «برون فضایی» است. ابعاد کیفیت های زیرمجموعه هر یک از گونه های مذکور به تفکیک در نتیجه گیری توصیف شده است.}, keywords_fa = {فضای شهری زیرزمینی, کیفیت های طراحی شهری, دسته بندی کیفیت های فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی, تجارب فضاهای شهری زیرزمینی}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-2088-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-2088-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {moulaii, mohammadmehdi and Soleymani, Rasool}, title = {Economic growth and urban development through the regeneration of valuable historical buildings Case Study: Hamedan Historic Houses}, abstract ={Historical textures of Iranian cities are the expression of our long-standing values and traditions, and preserving and reviving them can be a valuable cultural-social source for future generations. They represent the collective wisdom of our ancestors who have been able to bring such structures that combine science, knowledge, art and experience. Addressing this valuable heritage in fact guides us to the use of rich past experiences and can be a continuation of a culture that depends on historical continuity. Iranian historic houses, like gems in precious historical textures, are a collection of history of life, art, beliefs, customs, and irani-islamic lifestyles, and they can in some way be considered as a museum of all cultural and social customs of old generations. Today, with the revitalization and rehabilitation of this valuable heritage, in addition to the cultural and historical protection of these works and the promotion of these customs among citizens, economic stimulus has been created in the city, which has led to economic growth and urban development, and suitable economic groups for the promotion of urban incomes. The growth of the tourism and tourism industry, which is today considered one of the most important principles in attracting capitals. Through studying the experiences of world successful countries in this area, we can provide a conceptual model for recreating valuable historic houses and creating economic mobility. Today, cities have begun to move towards the use of their relative advantages in the region and the world in the wake of the globalization of the economy and the competition between them in order to play a more significant role in this competitive market. Cities know that building capital infrastructure in city-capable departments can help them compete from other cities in order to make it more successful in this globalization process. Following these rivalries, urban management is undergoing major changes in its governance and management, and it seeks to promote economic activity, creativity and utilization in urban business networks through the creation of an entrepreneurial capital city. Many entrepreneurial cities are trying to create a new development model for the city's economic growth by revitalizing and rebuilding the city's historic buildings and structures. Throsby, the famous Australian economist, shares capital in addition to physical, human, and natural (environmental) capital: another kind of capital, cultural, which, unlike other forms of capital, in addition to cultural value, this kind of capital can also provide economic value. The cultural capital is in fact the cultural heritage that brings with it achievements of artistic, cultural, norms and beliefs of the forerunners for the new generations, and in this study it is crystallized in the historical houses of the city, which is an embodiment of all these achievements in the old days Between legacy works, historic houses as a real cultural heritage have a special place because these homes, while meeting the climate and climate requirements of each region, have a direct relationship with the cultural, religious and traditional originality of the people, as well as certain aesthetic principles. Hence, the necessity and importance of protecting historic homes is not overlooked. Today, as urbanization has grown, problems have become more and more than ever. One of these problems is the exhausted urban tissue that lies in the heart of the old part of the city and is a memorial to the ancient history and culture of that city. The issue becomes even more important when buildings and historic monuments have become valuable in the context of these historic contexts, and this increases the complexity of urban officials to deal with and interfere with those historical texts. In addition to cultural, social and physical values, these buildings can economically provide potential infrastructural infrastructure for the city, including infrastructure and infrastructure. Urban redevelopment has encountered different approaches and models throughout its time. Today, one of the transcendental approaches that has been taken into consideration in recent years and decades is the issue of development and economic growth through the de-mining industry and the attraction of tourists through investment in urban cultural infrastructure; this approach seeks to be soft And gradually, through investing in a valuable historical and Today, because of the tensions in the world economy and the crisis in the face of those cities, they are struggling to rely on their cultural values and assets, and their restoration and reintegration, through their cultural and identity identities, and investing in them; find a new model of urban economic structure for themselves. Culture-based regeneration as a modern regeneration approach supports creative industries and also protects the local identity and culture of the region. The purpose of this approach in recreating is to seek to find works of cultural, historical, ritual and artistic backgrounds, so that the exogenous factor of culture as a component of the coherence of these scattered spheres enters the cycle of recreation. Developmental stimuli of recreation are working to create prosperity and economic activity in precious urban textures and lead to more dynamism and vitality of these sectors in traditional neighborhoods. How these stimuli impact their roles in urban growth and development it is an issue of this research. One of the newest regeneration policies is the creation and revitalization of projects that act as stimulants in the historical context, leading to accelerating and facilitating the process of regeneration as well as leading it. Historically valuable houses through social partnerships and local capacity building can play a catalytic and stimulating role in the growth of the economic and physical development of texture in the neighborhood scale and sometimes in the dimensions of the city; and lead us to the most sustainable way on the path to the reproduction of historical textures. The restoration of valuable historical monuments in the world, which is in fact the cultural heritage of that city or country, has a long history and its attention is different depending on the arts and culture of people of each land and different organizations and sectors are associated with it. These works, which reflect the history, cultural, social and artistic values of the past, have widespread social interests and require more attention from public institutions and the private sector. Iran has been paying attention to this issue for many years and has taken positive steps to this day, but it should be taken into consideration that all methods should be tailored to their local and cultural conditions and that the use of Western methods without Localization and adaptation to Iranian values will not succeed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the rehabilitation of precious urban houses and economic growth and seek to answer the question whether investment in restoring these houses in Iran has a positive and significant effect on economic growth and urban development.}, Keywords = {Urban regeneration؛ historic houses؛ economic growth؛ urban development and tourism}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {95-104}, publisher = {Tarbiat Modares University}, title_fa = {رشد اقتصادی و توسعه شهری از طریق بازآفرینی خانه های ارزشمند تاریخی نمونه موردی: خانه های تاریخی شهر همدان}, abstract_fa ={باف  هــای تاریوــی شــهرهای ایرانــی تجلــی گاه ارز  هــا و ســن  های دیریــن مــا می باشــند و حفــظ و احیــا آن هــا می توانــد منبــع فرهنرــی - اجتماعــی بــا ارزشــی را بــرای نســل های بعــدی بــه یــادگار گــذارد. آنهــا نمــودی از خــرد جمعــی نیــا کان مــا می باشــند کــه توانســته اند چنیــن ســاختارهایی را کــه ترکیبــی از علــم، دانــش، هنــر و تجربــه می باشــند  را بــرای مــا بــه ارمغــان گذارنــد. پرداختــن بــه ایــن میــراث ارزشــمند در واقــع مــا را بــه اســتفاده از تجربیــات غنــی گذشــتران رهنمــود می ســازد و مــی توانــد ضامــن تــداوم فرهنرــی کــه در گــرو تــداوم تاریوــی اســ  باشــد. خانه های تاریخی ایران که همانند گوهری در بافت های تاریخی ارزشمند جلوه گــر هســتند، عصــارهای از تاریــخ زندگــی، هنــر اعتقــادات، آدار و رســوم و ســبک زندگــی ایــران اســالمی مــا محســور می شــوند و بــه نوعــی می توان آنها را موزه ای از تمامی آداب فرهنرــی، اجتماعــی نســل های قدیــم بــه شــمار آورد. امــروزه بــا احیــا و بازآفرینــی ایــن میــراث ارزشــمند می تــوان عــالوه بــر پاس داشــ  فرهنرــی و تاریوــی ایــن آثــار و تبلیــغ ایــن آدار در بیــن شــهروندان، محرک هــای اقتصــادی را در ســطح شــهر بوجــود آورد کــه موجــب رشــد اقتصــادی و توســعه شــهری گشــته و گروه هــای اقتصــادی مناســبی را بــرای ارتقــا درآمدهــای شــهری و رشــد صنعــ  توریســم و گردشــرری کــه امــروزه جــزء مهمتریــن اصــول در جــذر ســرمایه و گــرد  مالــی از آن یــاد می شــود، بوجــود آورده در ادامــه از طریــق مطالعــه تجربیــات کشــورهای موفــق جهــان در ایــن حــوزه می تــوان مــدل مفهومــی مناســبی را بــرای بازآفرینــی خانه هــای ارزشــمند تاریوــی و ایجــاد تحــرک اقتصــادی )کارآفرینــی شــهری( تبییــن نمــود. روش تحقیق این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی بوده و جمع آوری اطلاعات به صورت اسنادی (کتابخانه ای) و میدانی ( نظرسنجی مصاحبه، برداشت سایت) می باشد. در نهایت اطلاعات به دست آمده از روش کیفی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند و ارتباط آنها مورد سنجش قرار گرفت.  نتایــج حا کــی از آن اســ  کــه بیــن رشــد اقتصــادی و بازآفرینــی خانــه هــای تاریوــی ارتبــاط تنراتنرــی وجــود دارد. }, keywords_fa = {بازآفرینی شهری, خانه‌های تاریخی, رشد اقتصادی, توسعه شهری و گردشگری}, url = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-3919-en.html}, eprint = {http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-3919-en.pdf}, journal = {Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning}, issn = {2322-4991}, eissn = {2538-2594}, year = {2017} }