Comparison of Light Effects in Sohrevardi´s Opinion and Safavid Architecture

Document Type : Analytic Review

Authors
M. Aghaeimehr 1
S.S. Mirhasheminasab Astane 2
Kh. Daneshjoo 3
M. Khayat Zanjani 4
1 Faculty of Architecture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Faculty of Architecture, Deylaman University, Lahijan, Iran
3 Architecture Department, Architecture Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4 Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction The thoughts of Sheikh Ishraq (Shahāb ad-Dīn” Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardī) have a high status in the Islamic world. These thoughts spread in the Safavid era, so that, more than ever, they became an important and influential category in the Islamic world. Since the art of architecture is the manifestation of the thoughts and mentalities of the architects and thinkers of each historical period, it can be expected that Suhrawardi’s thoughts are also manifested in the field of architecture. The main question of the research is whether the philosophy of Ishraq has influenced the Esfahani architectural style? And if so, how was this impact on the structure of the buildings of that era? In the following, using the interpretive-historical research method, the analysis of the views of Sheikh Ishraq and its comparative comparison with the architectural works of Esfahan doctrine were discussed. Then, using analytical-descriptive techniques, the correspondences between Suhrawardi’s thoughts and the architectural field of Esfahani style were explained. The data collection method is done by library research and referring to architectural documents.

Conclusion Studies conducted indicate that Esfahani style is significantly in line with the thoughts of Sheikh Ishraq. The various manifestations of light in the architecture of hierarchy, colors and decorations, empty space, the principle of plurality in unity, altar, golden dome, and so on can be considered as the effects of light in the architecture of this era.

Keywords

Subjects

Memarian Gh. Journey in theoretical foundations of architecture. Afrasiyabi S, editor. Tehran: Soroush Danesh; 2005. [Persian]
Noghrekar A, Hamzeh Nezhad M, Ranjbar Kermani AM. Introduction to Islamic identity in architecture. Ranjbar Kermani AM, Orazani N, editors. Tehran: Payam Sima; 2008. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ. Education of architectural criticism. Honar Ha Ye Ziba. 2005;23(23):69-76. [Persian]
Pirnia MK. Stylistics of Iranian architecture. Memarian Gh, editor. Tehran: Soroush Danesh; 2005. [Persian]
Sterlin H. Isfahan, image of paradise. Arjmand J, translator. Tehran: Farzan Rooz; 1998. [Persian]
Nasr, SH. Three Muslim sages. Aram A, translator. Tehran:Amirkabir; 2013. [Persian]
Nasr SH. Interpreter of alone world and martyr of knowledge path. J Islam Educ. 1969;(10):8-19. [Persian]
Jalal al-Din Mohammad Ibn Mohammad Mawlawi. Masnavi. 1st Volume. 1st Edition. Roshan M, editor. Tehran: New World; 2006. [Persian]
Samadi Amoli D. Described of purity hierarchy. Qom: Rouh va Reyhan; 2011. [Persian]
Hoseini Khamenei SM. Life, Character and doctrine of Sadr al-Moteallehin. Kheradname Ye Sadra. 2000;(20):74-82. [Persian]
Shahab al-Din Yahya Ibn Habash Suhrawardi. Translation of Ishraq wisdom. Sajjadi J, translator. Tehran: University of Tehran; 1998. [Persian]
Gaffari MKh. Glossary of Sheikh Ishraq’s works. Tehran: Society for the Apprecition of Cultural Works and Dignitaries; 2001. [Persian]
Bolkhari Qahi H. Mystical foundations of Islamic art and architecture. Tehran: Soore Mehr; 2005. [Persian]
Ferrier RW. The arts of Persia. Marzban P, translator. Tehran: Farzan Rouz; 1995. [Persian]
Makinejad M. Pesian art history in Islamic period: Architectural decorations. Tehran: Samt; 2008. [Persian]
Scarcia GR. Art of Safavid, Zand, Qajar. Azhand Y, translator. Tehran: Mowla; 1997. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ. Islamic art in challenges with contemporary beliefs and new horizons. Honar Ha Ye Ziba. 2003;12(12):23-32. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ. Wisdom of Islamic architecture: Searching for the spiritual deep construction of the Islamic architecture of Iran. Honar Ha Ye Ziba. 2004;19(19):57-66. [Persian]
Pope AU. Persian architecture. 3rd Edition. Sadri Afshar Gh, translator. Tehran: Farhangan; 1994. [Persian]
Mirmiran SH, Javaheriyan F, Afshar Naderi K, Haeri MR, Shirdel B, Saremi AA, et al. What lessons can be learned from past architecture?. Abadi. 1996;6(23):29-36. [Persian]
Ardalan N, Bakhtiar L. The sense of unity: The Sufi tradition in Persian architecture. Shahrokh H, translator. Isfahan: Khak; 2001. p. 31 [Persian]
Forouzan Far B. Masnavi hadiths. 4th Edition. Tehran: Amir Kabir; 1988. [Persian]
Qomi A. Keys to heavens (Mafatih al-Janan). Mirshafiei S, editor. Elahi Ghomshei M, translator. Qom: Fateme al-Zahra; 2002. [Arabic]
Jalal al-Din Mohammad Ibn Mohammad Mawlawi. Masnavi. 2nd Volume. 1st Edition. Roshan M, editor. Tehran: Ferdos; 2006. [Persian]
Hossein Ibn Muhammad Ragheb Isfahani. Dictionary of Quranic terms (al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Quran). Tehran: Mortazavi; 1996. [Persian]
Burckhardt T. Art of Islam: Language and meaning. Rajabnia M, translator. Tehran: Soroush; 1986. p. 97. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ, Mashayekhi M. principles of the socio-cultural mosque design based on socio-cultural approach. Armanshahr, 2010;3(5):65-78. [Persian]
Nasr SH. Islamic art and spirituality. Ghasemiyan R, translator. Tehran: Hekmat; 2010. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ, Nagahani N. Expression of motion concept in contemporary architecture of Iran. J Stud Iran Islam City. 2011;1(3):21-34. [Persian]
Naqshejahan- Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning
Volume 8, Issue 2 - Serial Number 22
Summer 2018
Pages 123-131