Volume 10, Issue 1 (2020)
Naqshejahan 2020, 10(1): 43-53 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Khademzade M, Toolabi T, Kargari M. The Role of Scholars and Political Elites in the Formation of the National Relics Society. Naqshejahan 2020; 10 (1) :43-53
URL: http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-37768-en.html
URL: http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-37768-en.html
1- School of Architecture, University College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran , khademzade@ut.ac.ir
2- History Department, Literature & Humanities Faculty, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran
3- School of Architecture, University College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2- History Department, Literature & Humanities Faculty, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran
3- School of Architecture, University College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (2584 Views)
The National Relics Society was one of the institutions established in the late years of the Qajar era and began its activity in the early Pahlavi era. During its activity time, the Society has undertaken a variety of activities in various fields, such as preserving historical buildings, building monuments for historical figures, and publishing books on various subjects. The main aim of this article is to investigate the factors that underlie the establishment of the National Relics Society. The main question of this article is that which groups and to what extends had a role in the establishment of the National Relics Society? This research is based on the historical research method and relies on the analysis of the content of the first-hand sources of the period in question. The Findings of the research show that three influential groups had a role in the establishment of the Society: modernist scholars, political elites and orientalists. The ideas of the scholars, mainly reflected in journals such as Kaveh, Iranshahr, and Namehyeh-Farangestan, seem to provide the idea of the Society. Moreover, political elites became the practical power of this idea to founding the society, and finally, the orientalists played a significant role in outlining its activities.
Keywords: National Relics Society, Historical Relics, Architectural Heritage, Contemporary Architecture
Article Type: Original Research |
Subject:
Pioneer Islamic Iranian Art and Architecture
Received: 2019/10/31 | Accepted: 2020/03/1 | Published: 2020/06/19
Received: 2019/10/31 | Accepted: 2020/03/1 | Published: 2020/06/19
References
1. Grigor T. Recultivating "good taste": The early Pahlavi modernists and their society for national heritage. Iran Stud. 2004;37(1):17-45. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/0021086042000232929]
2. Hafeznia MR. An introduction to research in the humanities. Tehran: SAMT; 2018. [Persian] [Link]
3. Lundy SL. Historical research. In: Given L. The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitive research methods. Given L, editor. Thousand Oaks: SAGE; 2008. [Link]
4. Hancock DR, Algozzine R. Doing case study research: A practical guide for begginer researchers. New York City: Teachers College, Columbia University; 2006. [Link]
5. Abrahamian Y. A history of modern Iran. Tehran: Ney; 2018. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.1017/9781108182348]
6. Ashraf A. The emergence of state nationalism in the Pahlavi era. In: Ashraf A, Newoil G, Shahbazi Sh. Iranian identity from antiquity to the end of Pahlavi. 5th Edition. Tehran: Ney; 2017. [Persian] [Link]
7. Akbari MA. Nation-building project in the first Pahlavi era: The role of [Link]
8. the educational textbooks of history. Iran Hist. 2012;12(70.5):33-60. [Persian] [Link]
9. Esmaeilzadeh K, Shad Ghazvini P. Discourses of "nationality" and their role on the development of Iranian modern art trends in Pahlavi era. Sociol J Art Lit. 2017;9(1):109-32. [Persian] [Link]
10. Tavakoli-Targhi M. Narrative identity in the works of Hedayat and his contemporaries. In: Katouzian H, editor. Sadegh Hedayat: His work and his wondrous world. Abingdon: Routledge; 2007. [Link]
11. Bahr Al-Oloumi H. The record of the National Works Association from the beginning to 2535 AD, 1355-1301 AH. Tehran: National Monuments Society Publication; 1976. [Persian] [Link]
12. Afsar K, Mousavi A. Patrolling the ancient monuments in the Pahlavi era. Tehran: Culture and Art Ministery; 1976. [Persian] [Link]
13. Kiani M. First Pahlavi era architecture. 3rd Edition. Tehran: The Institute for Iranian Contemporary Historical Studies; 2016. [Persian] [Link]
14. Agheli B. History of contemporary Iranian political and military men. Tehran: Elm Publication; 2001. [Persian] [Link]
15. dictionary.cambridge.org [Internet]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2020 [cited 2020 April 8]. Available from: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/society. [Link]
16. Adamiat F. The ideology of the Iranian constitutional movement. 2th Edition. Tehran: Enlightenment and Women's Studies; 2008. [Persian] [Link]
17. Kermani N. History of Iranian awakening. Tehran: Iranian Culture Foundation; 1978. [Persian] [Link]
18. Dolat-Abadi Y. Yahya's life. Tehran: Ferdowsi; 1983. [Persian] [Link]
19. Gholipour A. The cultivation of popular taste in the Pahlavi era. Yaghobi G, editor. Tehran: Nazar; 2019. [Persian] [Link]
20. Siasi, A. A political life. 3rd Edition. Tehran: Sales; 2019. [Persian] [Link]
21. Sedigh I. Senator Isa Sediq speech. In: National Relics Society. Memoirs of Faraj-ullah Aq-owla. Tehran: National Relics Society Publication; 1977. [Persian] [Link]
22. Sadiq I. ANJOMAN-E ĀṮĀR-E MELLĪ [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation; 1985 [cited 2020 April 8]. Available from: https://bit.ly/2Vs7M8O. [Link]
23. National Society. Introduction. In: National Relics Society. Old publications collection. Tehran: National Relics Society Publication; 1972. [Persian] [Link]
24. National Relics Society. Invitation to participate in the meeting of the National Works Association. Tehran: National Relics Society; 1925. [Persian] [Link]
25. National Relics Society. Statutes and regulations of the National Relics Society. Tehran: National Relics Society; 1925. [Persian] [Link]
26. Toolabi T. Mohammad Amin Riahi's approach to the Persian language and culture of Iran. J Cult Hist Stud. 2016;7(28):77-100. [Persian] [Link]
27. Savoji M. Civil policy. In: Zargari Nejad G, editor. Political treatises of the Qajar era. Tehran: I.R. Iran National Library; 2000. [Persian] [Link]
28. Akhondzadeh F. Kamal al-Dawlah's writings and their accessions. Haghdar A, editor. Tehran: Literature Club; 2016. [Persian] [Link]
29. Asil H. Mirza Malkam Khan Nazim al-Dawlah's treatises. 1st Edition. Tehran: Ney Publication; 2002. [Persian] [Link]
30. Basic and urgent reforms. KAVEH. 1921;2(12):1-6. [Persian] [Link]
31. Characteristics of Iranians. IRANSHAHR. 1922;1(4):58-60. [Persian] [Link]
32. Kasra spring carpet. IRANSHAHR. 1922;1(9):234-7. [Persian] [Link]
33. Tips and considerations. KAVEH. 1921;2(9):1-7. [Persian] [Link]
34. Moshfegh Kazemi M. Social evolution. NAMEYEH-FARANGESTAN. 1924;1(1):3-12. [Persian] [Link]
35. Revolution and social education. IRANSHAHR. 1923;1(11):282-96. [Persian] [Link]
36. Foroughi M. Observations and thoughts on national monuments during Isfahan and Fars travel. In: National Relics Society. Three sermons. Tehran: National Relics Society Publication; 1927. [Persian] [Link]
37. Malekzadeh M. The life of Malek-al-Motekallemin. Tehran: Elmi; 1946. [Persian] [Link]
38. Pourrajabi A. The origins and context of modern interpretations of Iranian architecture [Dissertation]. Tehran: Tehran University; 2018. [Persian] [Link]
39. Afshar M. Isfahan travel. IRANSHAHR. 1923;2(3):143-6. [Persian] [Link]
40. Taherzadeh-Behzad K. Architectural and industrial industries. IRANSHAHR. 1923;2(1):52-60. [Persian] [Link]
41. Eghbal-Ashtiani A. Soltanieh and its dome. IRANSHAHR. 1924;2(7):393-409. [Persian] [Link]
42. Kazemzadeh H. Nationality and national spirit of Iran. IRANSHAHR. 1923;2(4):193-206. [Persian] [Link]
43. Herzfeld E. A brief list of Iranian monuments and buildings. Tehran: National Monuments Society Publication; 1925. [Persian] [Link]
44. Nafisi S. Contemporary history of Iran. Tehran: Foroughi Library; 1966. [Persian] [Link]
45. Ferdowsi Crypt. ARMAGHAN. 1925;6(3-4):232-5. [Persian] [Link]
46. vocabulary.com [Internet]. Unknown Publisher city: vocabulary.com; 2020 [cited 2020 April 9]. Available from: https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/scholar. [Link]
47. Best H, Higley J. Introduction. In: Best H, Higley J, editors. The palgrave handbook of political elite. London: Palgrave Macmillan; 2017. [Link] [DOI:10.1057/978-1-137-51904-7]
48. Cronin S. Introduction. In: Cronin S, editor. The making of modern Iran. Abingdon: Routledge; 2003. [Link] [DOI:10.4324/9780203423141]
49. Boroujerdi M. Triumphs and travails of authoritarian modernization in Iran. In: Cronin S, editor. The making of modern Iran: State and society under Riza Shah, 1921-1941. Abingdon: Routledge; 2003. [Link]
50. Devos B, Werner C. Introduction. In: Devos B, Werner C, editors. Culture and cultural politics under Reza Shah. Abingdon: Routlege; 2014. [Link] [DOI:10.4324/9780203798423]
51. Abrahamian E. Iran between two revolutions. Golmohammadi A, Fatahi M, translators. 28th Edition. Tehran: Ney Publication; 2018. [Persian] [Link]
52. Sedigh I. A memoir of life. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publication; 1966. [Persian] [Link]
53. Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of IRAN. Getting acquainted with the history of the legislative assemblies in Iran: 1st to 16th (1285-1328). Tehran: Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of IRAN; 2005. [Persian] [Link]
54. jadidonline.com [Internet]. Tehran: jadidonline.com; 2020 [cited 2020 April 9]. Available from: http://www.jadidonline.com/slideshow/2216/1. [Persian] [Link]
55. Modaresi Chahardehi M. Cultural revival during the Pahlavi flourishing period. Natl Relics Soc J. 1976;1:26-35. [Persian] [Link]
56. Farahani H. Annals of contemporary Iranian history. 1st Volume. Tehran: Political Studies and Research Institute; 2006. [Persian] [Link]
57. National Relics Society. Holding a meeting of the National Relics Society. Tehran: National Relics Society; 1925. [Persian] [Link]
58. Foroughi M. A request for construction of Ferdowsi Tomb. ARMAGHAN. 1925;6(3-4):232-5. [Persian] [Link]
59. Foroughi M. Mirza Mohammad Ali Khan Foroughi conference: Prime minister and president of national monuments society. Tehran: National Monuments Society Publication; 1934. [Persian] [Link]
60. Hekmat A. National monuments society. TALIM-VA-TARBIAT. 1925;1(8-9):6-10. [Persian] [Link]
61. Taghizadeh H. A few words about Ferdowsi. AYANDEH. 1925;1(2):141-4. [Persian] [Link]
62. Shahrokh K, Rashna R. Memoirs of lord Khosrow Shahrokh. Mirza Saleh G, translator. 1st Edition. Tehran: Maziar Publication; 2004. [Persian] [Link]
63. The Ernst Herzfeld papers. Freer gallery of art and arthur M. Sackler gallery archives. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Offices; 2020. [Link]
64. Mohamadzadeh F, Khandan F. About the construction of the Ferdowsi Tomb building. PAJ. 2016;5(23-24):59-66. [Persian] [Link]
65. Shafei B, Daniel V, Soroushiani S. Karim Taherzadeh Behzad Architecture. Yalda T, Ghiasi N, translators. Tehran: Did; 2005. [Persian] [Link]
66. Zia-Ebrahimi R. The emergence of Iranian nationalism: Race and the politics of dislocation. Afshar H, translator. Tehran: Nashr-e-Markaz; 2017. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.7312/ziae17576]
67. iranicaonline. FERDOWSI, ABU'L-QĀSEM iii. MAUSOLEUM [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation; 1999 [cited 2020 April 9]. Available from: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ferdowsi-iii. [Link]
68. Tarafdari A. In search of service and betrayal in history: Investigating the impact of nationalism on Iranian historiography from the Qajar period to the end of the first Pahlavi government. In: Tarafdari AM, editor. Nationalism, historiography and the formation of a new national identity in Iran. Tehran: Amir Kabir; 2018. [Persian] [Link]
69. Pope A. Iranian industries in past and future. Tehran: National Monuments Society Publication; 1972. [Persian] [Link]
70. Herzfeld E. Iran national monuments. Daftari M, translator. 1st Edition. Tehran: National Monuments Society Publication; 1925. [Persian] [Link]
71. Herzfeld E. Discovering two historical tablets in Hamedan. Minavi M, translator. Tehran: National Relics Society Publication; 1926. [Persian]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |