تغییر کاربری تطبیقی میراث صنعتی، رویکردی براساس بازیافت انرژی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی کیفی

نویسندگان
1 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، پردیس ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎی زیبا، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان، ﺗﻬﺮان، ایران
2 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺮﻣﺖ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، ﭘﺮدیس ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎی زیبا، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان، ﺗﻬﺮان، ایران
چکیده
اﻧﺘﻘﺎل از دوران ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽﺷﺪن ﺑﻪ دوره ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ در اواﺧﺮ ﻗﺮن ﻧﻮزدﻫﻢ و ﭘﺲ از آن ﻋﺼﺮ ﭘﺴﺎﺻﻨﻌﺖ در اﻧﺘﻬﺎی دﻫﻪ ۱۹۸۰ ﻣﯿﻼدی ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺﺗﺮین ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮی اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﯿﻔﺘﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت یاﻓﺘﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎی زیستﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺧﻮد را در دل ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ از دﺳﺖ دادﻧﺪ و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎیی ﻣﺘﺮوک ﺑﺮ ﺟﺎی ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻨﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دوره آﺛﺎر ﺑﻪﺟﺎیﻣﺎﻧﺪه از ﻋﺼﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺮده ﺷﺪه و ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺷﺎیسته ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاین آﻧﭽﻪ ﮐﻪ در اﺑﺘﺪا یک ﺗﻬﺪید ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﯿﺪ، اﮐﻨﻮن ﻓﺮﺻﺘﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﺻﺘﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮی ﻣﺠﺪد آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﯿﺮاث و ﺣﻔﻆ ارزشﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ؛ ﭘﺎیداری اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و زیستﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ را ﺑﻪدﻧﺒﺎل ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ویژه ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ، از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﻬﺮهوری و ذﺧﯿﺮه اﻧﺮژی ﻧﻬﺎدینه و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﺴﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﭘﺎیداری ﻣﺰایایی را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دارد ﮐﻪ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﮐﺮدن آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ این ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺘﺐ، ﻣﻘﺎﻻت، اﺳﻨﺎد و ﻣﻨﺸﻮرﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ و ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎی اﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎیج ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه، در ﮔﺎم اول ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮدﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﺮای اﻓﺰایش ﮐﺎرآیی اﻧﺮژی و در ﮔﺎم دوم ﻓﺮآیند ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﺑﻪدﻟﯿﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖﭘﺬیری ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺠﺪد از اﻧﺮژی ﻧﻬﺎدینه و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


[1] San-Jose’J.; Losada’ R; Cuadrado’ R; Garrucho’ I. (2007); Approach to the quantification of the sustainable value in industrial buildings, Building and Environment 42, PP. 3916–3923.
[2] Muralidharan’ D. (2015); The Sustainable Future: Adaptive Re-use as a Strategy for Sustainable Indian Cities, Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology (2), No.15, PP. 69-74.
[3] Moradi’ A; AkhtarKavan’ M. (2008), Investigating the role of rehabilitation and reuse of historical buildings in reducing energy consumption and the effects of climate change, 1st international conference on Zagros traditional settlement, Sanandaj, Kordestan.
[4] The Nizhny Tagil Charter for the Industrial Heritage (2003), The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage (TICCIH), 12th International Congress of TICCIH in Russia, http://www.mnactec.cat/Ticcih/pdf/NTagilCharter.pdf
[5] Leus’ M. (2009); Unloved industrial heritage as a motor for urban regeneration, (Un)Loved Modern Conference, Sydney Masonic Centre, Sydney.
[6] ToloeAshtiani’ Sh. (2006); The process of optimizing energy consumption in the conservation of historical buildings, Proceedings of the 5th conference on energy conservation in buildings, Tehran.
[7] Sykora’ T; Holicky’ M; Makova’ J. (2010); Advanced assessment of industrial heritage buildings for sustainable cities’ development, The CESB 10 conference, Czech Prague.
[8] Webb’ L. (2017); Energy retrofits in historic and traditional buildings: A review of problems and methods, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 77, PP. 748-759.
[9] Langston’ C.;(2007), Application of the adaptive reuse potential model in Hong Kong: a case study of Lui Sheng Chun, International of strategy property management (11), pp.193-207.
[10] Blagojevich’ M.; Tufegdzic’ A. (2015); The new technology era requirements and sustainable approach to industrial heritage renewal, Energy and Buildings xxx, PP.xxx–xxx.
[11] Romeo’ E.; Morezzi’ E.; Ruddiero’ R. (2015); Industrial heritage: reflections on the use compatibility of cultural sustainability and energy efficiency, Energy Procedia 78, PP. 1305-1310.
[12] Yung’ E.; Chan’ E. (2012); Implementation challenges to the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings: Towards the goals of sustainable, low carbon cities, Habitat International 36, PP. 352–361.
[13] Luis’ L.;(2011), Industrial Heritage: The past in the future of the city, International Journal of energy & environment (4), No.8, pp.687-696.
[14] Loures’ L., Panagepoulos’ T. (2007); Sustainable reclamation of industrial areas in urban landscapes, Sustainable Development and Planning III volume 1, WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment 102, pp. 791-800.
[15] Fabbri’ K. (2013); Energy incidence of historic building: Leaving no stone unturned, Journal of Cultural Heritage 14S, PP. e25-e27.
[16] Zeren’ M. (2015); Modernization and Reuse of Cultural Heritage Building: A Turkish Case Study from the Izmir City, Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture (9), PP. 16-27.
[17] Shehata’ W.; Mustafa, Y.; Sherif’ L. (2015); Towards the comprehensive and systematic assessment of the adaptive reuse of Islamic architectural heritage in Cairo: A conceptual framework, Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development (5), No.1, PP. 14-29.
[18] Misirlisoy’ D.; Gunce’ K. (2016); Adaptive reuse strategies for heritage buildings: A holistic approach, Sustainable Cities and Society 26, PP. 91–98.
[19] Wang’ H.; Zeng’ Z. (2010); A multi-objective decision-making process for reuse selection of historic buildings, Expert Systems with Applications (37), PP. 1241-1249.
[20] Bullen’ P.; Love’ P. (2010); The rhetoric of adaptive reuse or reality of demolition: Views from the field, Cities (27), PP. 215-224.
[21] Ljla’ A.; Broström’ T. (2015); The Sustainable Viability of Adaptive Reuse of Historic Buildings: the experiences of Two World Heritage Old Cities; Bethlehem in Palestine and Visby in Sweden, International Invention Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 2(4), PP. 52-66.
[22] Doet’ J. (2012); Industrial Heritage Retooled TICCIH Guide to Industrial Heritage Conservation, (Translation: Pirouz Hanachi & Sara Taymourtash 1396). Tehran: Tehran University Press.
[23] Mithraratne, N. (2015). Building adaption for waste minimization: Impact of policies. In M. Panko and L. Kestle (Eds.). Building Today - Saving Tomorrow: Sustainability in Construction and Deconstruction Conference Proceedings. (pp. 36-43). Auckland, New Zealand: Unitec Institute of Technology. Retrieved from: www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/
[24] Misirlisoy’ D.; Gunce’ K. (2015); Gourlis’ G.; Kovacic’ I. (2016); A study on building performance analysis for energy retrofit of existing industrial facilities, Sociology Study (5), No.9, PP. 718-727.