کیفیت و کمیت آب در معماری مسکونی ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مروری تحلیلی

نویسندگان
ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری و ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزی، واﺣﺪ ﻗﺰویﻦ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﻗﺰویﻦ، ایﺮان
چکیده
ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ روی ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮی ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایﺮان ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻮاره راﺑﻄﻪ ای ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻗﻠﯿﻢ، ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ و ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ایﺮان وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. یﮑﯽ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایﺮان ﺟﺎیﮕﺎه ویﮋه ای داﺷﺘﻪ، ﻋﻨﺼﺮ آب اﺳﺖ. در ایﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ اﻗﻠﯿﻢﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایﺮان، ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ روی ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﯿﺖ آب در ﺣﯿﺎط ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻋﻠﯽﻣﻘﺎیﺴﻪای ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺪﻻل اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﯽ اﺳﺖ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت آن ﺑﻪ روش اﺳﻨﺎدی ﮔﺮدآوری و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻧﻈﺎمدار و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ۳۲ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ از ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایﺮان در ﭼﻬﺎر اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایﺮان ﺑﻮد. ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮی ایﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮ ایﻦ اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﻮار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایﺮان داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ایﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎیﺞ ایﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایﺮان، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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