ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و دﺳﺘﻮرزﺑﺎن ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ (ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮردی ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻧﺴﺎﺟﯽ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن و یزد در دوره ﭘﻬﻠﻮی)

نوع مقاله : مروری تحلیلی

نویسندگان
ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻤﺮان، ﻣﻌﻤﺎری و ﻫﻨﺮ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، واﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، ﺗﻬﺮان، ایران
چکیده
ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ، ﮐﻪ رﻓﺘﻪرﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی اﻣﺮوزی ﻋﺠﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﺰایی دارد؛ زیرا ﺣﺎوی اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪی در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﻓﻨﺎوری زﻣﺎن ﺧﻮیش ﺑﻮده و ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻤﺎراﻧﻪ آن ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ داراﺑﻮدن ارزش زیباییﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻫﻮیت ﺷﻬﺮی را ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﯽﺑﺨﺸﺪ. ﻫﺪف از این ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ این اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و دﺳﺘﻮرزﺑﺎن ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﻓﺮآیندی ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻧﻤﺎید. ﭘﺎرادایم این ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ آزادﭘﮋوﻫﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮی در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ روش ﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد، ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ زیرﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮردی، از ﻣﯿﺎن ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻧﺴﺎﺟﯽ دو ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن و یزد در دوره ﭘﻬﻠﻮی، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی اﺻﻠﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در اﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش دﺳﺘﻮرزﺑﺎن ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه و ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮردی اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. دﺳﺘﺎورد ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮردی، ارایه ﻓﺮآیندی اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دﻗﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﮐﻤﯽ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ را اﻣﮑﺎنﭘﺬیر ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎید. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد این ﻓﺮآیند ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزی رویه‌ای و ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزی اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎی ﺗﺎریخی ﺑﻮده و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮای ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎی آﺗﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزی روشﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Jianguo W, Nan J. Conservation and adaptive-reuse of historical industrial building in China in the post-industrial era. Front Archit Civ Eng China. 2007;1(4):474-80.
Mazaherian H, Shahteimori Y. International approaches to new constructions in historic context (Study of theories and international agreements). Naqshejahan. 2011;2(2):7-18. [Persian]
Douet J, editor. Industrial heritage re-tooled: The TICCIH guide to industrial heritage conservation. Hanachi P, Teymoortash S, translators. Tehran: University of Tehran; 2017. [Persian]
The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage (TICCIH). The Nizhny Tagil charter for the industrial heritage. TICCIH XII International Congress, 17 July, 2003, Moscow. Nizhny Tagil: TICCIH; 2003.
World Heritage Centre UNESCO. Tentative lists [Internet]. Paris: World Heritage Centre UNESCO; 2017 [cited 2019 Feb 13]. Available from: https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/
Pahlavanzadeh L. Contemporary industrial architecture heritage of Iran: The first part, Isfahan province. 1st Volume. Isfahan: Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch; 2013. [Persian]
Pahlavanzadeh L. Contemporary industrial architecture heritage of Iran: The second part, Yazd province. 1st Volume. Isfahan: Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch; 2014. [Persian]
Çorapçıoğlu G. Documentation method for conservation of industrial heritage: Mediterranean region watermill example. In: Koui M, Zezza F, Kouis D, editors. Monubasin 2017: 10th international symposium on the conservation of monuments in the Mediterranean basin. Cham: Springer; 2018. pp. 257-65.
Wang J, Chen J. Inheritance ethics in engineering development: Comparison between shenyang and ruhr on industrial heritage conservation. In: Christensen S, Mitcham C, Li B, An Y, editors. Engineering, development and philosophy, philosophy of engineering and technology. 11th Volume. Dordrecht: Springer; 2012. pp. 305-16.
Stratton M. Industrial buildings conservation and regeneration. Taylor & Francis e-Library; 2004. [Persian]
Lopes Da Cunha F, Dos Santos M, Rabassa J, editors. Latin American heritage: Interdisciplinary dialogues on Brazilian and Argentinian case studies. Basel: Springer International Publishing; 2018.
Song Z. Conservation and adaptive reuse of industrial heritage in Shanghai. Front Archit Civ Eng China. 2007;1(4):481-90.
Avango D, Af Geijerstam J, Houltz A, Isacson M. The imprints of industry: Marie Nisser and the development of industrial heritage research in Sweden. Patrimoine d'industrie. 2011;26:151-60.
Nisser M, Isacson M, Lundgren A, Cinis A. Industrial heritage around the Baltic Sea. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis; 2012.
Shayan HR, Memar Dezfuli S. Comparative review of contemporary Iranian architecture tendencies: Recognition of designing theories among three generations of architects. Naqshejahan. 2014;4(2):7-16. [Persian]
Goudini J, Vafamehr M, Gorji Mahlabani Y, Barati N. Evaluation of Iran architecture knowledge on industrial complexes, in order to discover the challenges and provide developmental strategies. Bagh e Nazar. 2016;13(41):5-18. [Persian]
Samadzadehyazdi S, Ansari M, Mahdavinejad MJ, Bemaninan MR. Significance of authenticity: Learning from best practice of adaptive reuse in the industrial heritage of Iran. Int J Archit Heritage. 2018 Oct.
Mahdavinejad MJ. Dilemma of prosperity and technology in contemporary architecture of developing countries. Naqshejahan. 2014;4(2):43-53. [Persian]
Mahdavinejad MJ, Didehban M, Bazaz Zadeh H. The heritage of contemporary architecture and industrial identity in historical areas (Case study: Dezful city). J Stud Iran Islam City. 2016;6(22):41-50. [Persian]
Nili R, Diba D, Mahdavinejad MJ, Shahcherghi A. An evaluation of quality revitalization of contemporary Iranian industrial heritage using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), case study: Linen warehouse of Tehran. J Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Mar. [Persian]
Memarian H, Mahdavinejad MJ, Dehghan Nayyeri M. Tour Sci Cult. 2016;4(5):21-32. [Persian]
Hanachi P, Diba D, Mahdavinejad MJ. Protection and development in Iran, analysis of restoration experiences in valuable districts of Iranian historical cities. Honar Ha Ye Ziba. 2008;32(32):51-60. [Persian]
Stiny G, Mitchell WJ. The grammar of paradise: On the generation of Mughul gardens. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 1980;7(2):209-26.
Flemming U. More than the sum of parts: The grammar of Queen Anne houses. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 1987;14(3):323-50.
Chiou SC, Krishnamurti R. The grammar of Taiwanese traditional vernacular dwellings. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 1995;22(6):689-720.
Cagdas G. A shape grammar: The language of traditional Turkish houses. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 1996;23(4):443-64.
Shiqiao L. Reconstituting Chinese Building Tradition: The Yingzao fashi in the early Twentieth Century. J Soc Archit Hist. 2003;62(4):470-89.
Woodbury R. An introduction to shape schema grammars. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 2016;43(1):152-83. 29- Strobbe T, Pauwels P, Verstraeten R, De Meyer R, Van Campenhout J. Toward a visual approach in the exploration of shape grammars. Artif Intell Eng Des Anal Manuf. 2015;29(4):503-21.
Lee JH, Ostwald MJ, Gu N. A justified plan graph (JPG) grammar approach to identifying spatial design patterns in an architectural style. Environ Planning B: Urban Anal City Sci. 2018;45(1):67-89.
Grasl T, Economou A. From topologies to shapes: Parametric shape grammars implemented by graphs. Environ Plan B Plan Des. 2013;40(5):905-22.
Lee JH, Ostwald MJ, Gu N. A combined plan graph and massing grammar approach to frank lloyd wright’s prairie architecture. Nexus Netw J. 2017;19(2): 279-99.
Hasani K, Norouz Borazjani V. A specification of a new pattern of shape grammar in architecture of today’s houses, case study: Qajar houses in Tabriz and Tehran. Bagh e Nazar. 2018;15(63):33-42.
Lee JH, editor. Computational studies on cultural variation and heredity. Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2018.
Mahdavinejad MJ. Architecture criticism training, strengthening the creativity of students through a comprehensive analysis of architectural works. Honar Ha Ye Ziba. 2005;(23):69-76. [Persian]
Cragoe CD. How to read buildings: A crash course in architectural styles. New York: Rizzoli International Publications; 2008.
Clark RH, Pause M. Precedents in architecture. 4th Edition. Aghaee S, Madani M, translators. Tehran: Rahe Kamal; 2007. [Persian]
Memarian GH, Dehghani Tafti M. Seeking to find a novel concept to type and typology in architecture (Case study: Vernacular houses in Taft, type of tallardar). J Hous Rural Environ. 2018;37(162):21-38. [Persian]
Jacoby S. Typal and typological reasoning: A diagrammatic practice of architecture. J Archit. 2015;20(6).
Güney Y. Type and typology in architectural discourse. BAÜ FBE Dergisi. 2007;9(1):3-18.
Mahdavinejad MJ, Mashayekhi M, Bahrami M. Mosque design patterns in contemporary architecture. J Res Islam Archit. 2015;2(5):3-19. [Persian]
Dabagh AM, Mokhtabad Amraee SM. A new paradigm for reading the mosques of contemporary Tehran. Naqshejahan. 2014;4(2):29-42. [Persian]
Knight T. Shape grammars in education and practice: Histrory and prospects. Int J Des Comput. 1999.
Benros D. A generic housing grammar for the generation of different housing languages: A generic housing shape grammar for Palladian villas, Prairie and Malagueira houses [Dissertation]. London: University College of London; 2018.
Afshar Naderi K. Iran’s industrial architecture between the two world war [Internet]. Tehran: Institute of Urban and Architecture Studies and Researches of Iran; 1997 [cited 2019 Feb 23]. Available from: http://bit.ly/2F9MOTZ. [Persian]
Ligler H, Economou T. Lost in translation: Towards an automated description of John Portman’s domestic architecture. XIX Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGRADI 2015), November 23-27, 2015, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. São Paulo: Blucher; 2015. p. 657-61.
Schwarz M, Müller P. Advanced procedural modeling of architecture. ACM Trans Graph. 2015;34(4):107.