نقش اندیشه‌وران و نخبگان سیاسی در شکل‌گیری انجمن آثار ملی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
محمدحسن خادم‌زاده 1
توران طولابی 2
معین کارگری 1
1 دانشکده معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
چکیده
سپهر گفتمانی ایران از میانۀ دوره قاجاریه به‌تدریج به سویی رفت که ضرورت توجه به هویت ملی در کانون توجه قرار گرفت. به تعبیر دیگر، تکوین انگارۀ ناسیونالیسم در این دوره زمینه را برای توجه به میراث فرهنگی فراهم کرد. پس از انقلاب مشروطه (۱۲۸۵ش.) و با گشایش مجلس شورای ملی بود که سیاست‌گذاری و نهادسازی در این عرصه آغاز شد. در راستای همین نهادسازی بود که در واپسین سال‌های دورۀ قاجاریه با گردهمایی شماری از نخبگان سیاسی انجمنی به نام انجمن آثار ملی بنیان نهاده شد. این انجمن اقدامات متنوعی را با هدف شناسایی و بزرگداشت میراث فرهنگی مانند برپایی جلسه‌های سخنرانی، شناسایی و مرمت بناهای تاریخی و برپایی بناهای یادمانی به انجام رساند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی زمینه‌های برآمدن انجمن آثار ملی است. این پژوهش بر محور این پرسش شکل گرفته است که چه طیف‌هایی و به چه ترتیبی در برآمدن انجمن آثار ملی نقش داشتند؟ پژوهش حاضر با روش پژوهش تاریخی و با تکیه بر واکاوی محتوای منابع دست اول انجام شده است. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از تلاش سه طیف یعنی اندیشه‌وران، نخبگان سیاسی و شرق‌شناسان در طرح ضرورت، عینیت یافتن، و استمرار انجمن آثار ملی است. حاصل پژوهش بیانگر آن است که انگاره‌های اندیشه‌وران که بیشتر در نشریه‌های وقت بازتاب می‌یافت، زمینۀ طرح اندیشۀ انجمن آثار ملی را فراهم کرد. وانگهی، کنش‌گران سیاسی بازوی عملی تحقق این اندیشه شدند و انجمن را تأسیس کردند و در نهایت، شرق‌شناسان نیز با طرح دیدگاه‌های خود، نقشی معین در استمرار و پربار شدن فعالیت‌های آن ایفا کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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