A Comparative Assessment of Energy Performance in Zero-Energy Residential Buildings Based on Iran’s Chapter 19, LEED, and BREEAM Standards: A Case Study of Tabriz, Iran

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Mehran Golsanamlou 1
Ayda Maleki 2
Javad Ahmadi 3
1 Master's degree in Architectural and Energy Engineering, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz
10.48311/bsnt.2026.121448.82950
Abstract
Aims: The building sector in Iran, accounting for about 40% of total energy consumption, is one of the main contributors to energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. This study aims to comparatively evaluate the energy performance of a 48-unit residential complex in Tabriz, designed based on Section 19, against LEED v4 and BREEAM standards.
Methods: Building energy modeling was conducted using EnergyPlus v23.2 through the OpenStudio v3.7.0 interface in two scenarios: baseline and optimized (according to Section 19). A 30 kWp photovoltaic system was also added for an annual generation of 15,249 kWh of renewable energy.
Findings: Optimization according to Section 19 reduced energy consumption by approximately 21%. Photovoltaic panels with an annual generation of 56% of the optimized consumption reduced grid energy demand to 27% of the baseline consumption. The net Energy Use Intensity (EUI) (the difference between generation and consumption) was calculated as -4.12 kWh/m² per year. The project achieved 15 out of 15 points in the BREEAM rating system and 18 out of 21 points in the LEED v4 energy section, equivalent to the highest certification level (Platinum).
Conclusion: Compliance with the requirements of Iran's Section 19, despite its minimum coverage, demonstrates the potential for alignment with international standards. Achieving higher scores primarily requires greater precision in implementation and further development in the areas of renewable energy and energy management during both the construction and operational phases.
Keywords
Comparative Assessment
Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB)
Iranian National Building Regulations (INBR) Section 19
LEED
BREEAM
Sustainability
Sustainable Architecture
Subjects
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  • Receive Date 20 June 2026
  • Revise Date 21 September 2026
  • Accept Date 23 September 2026