رتبه بندی پارامترهای موثر بر مصرف انرژی ساختمان با کاربرد فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی

نویسندگان
1 استاد دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران. نویسنده مسئول
2 استادیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مصرف انرژی ساختمان متاثر از تکنیک هایمتعددی می باشد که شامل تکنیکهای فعال و غیر فعال است. از جمله تکنیک های فعال مرتبط با بدنه ساختمان نوع مصالح، اندازه و نوع پنجره، عایق بندی حرارتی، بهره گیری از انرژی خورشید و جهت گیری ساختمان است. این پژوهش، رویکردی برای تعیین تاثیر و اولویت بندی پارامترهای اصلی تعدادی از تکنیک های ساختمانی بر مصرف انرژی، ارائه می کند.پارامترهای موثر در راستای کاهش مصرف انرژی ساختمان شامل تعداد ساکنین، مساحت ساختمان، تعداد طبقات، میزان همجواری، نسبت پنجره به دیوار، نسبت طول به عرض، تعداد بر (نما) ساختمان است. این پارامترها دارای نقش و اهمیت یکسان در میزان مصرف انرژی ساختمان نیستند؛ از این رو در این مقاله از فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی جهت تعیین وزن پارامترهای اشاره شده استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که موثرترین پارامتر نسبت پنجره به دیوار بود. با توجه به ارزش این پارامتر (0.36)، فضای پنجره و مصالح آن از نظر مصرف انرژی در اولویت اول جای دارد. پارامتر مهم دیگر تعداد نماهای (برَ های) ساختمان بود. اگر ساختمان دارای 1 ، 2، 3 یا چهار بر باشد، مصرف انرژی تفاوت قابل توجهی خواهد داشت. کم تاثیر ترین پارامتر تعداد ساکنین ساختمان بود.

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