ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎی اﺳﻠﯿﻤﯽ و ﻧﻘﻮش ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺤﺮاب اﻟﺠﺎیﺘﻮ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن

نوع مقاله : مروری تحلیلی

نویسندگان
1 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، واﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، ایﺮان
2 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، واﺣﺪ ﺗﺒﺮیﺰ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺗﺒﺮیﺰ، ایﺮان
چکیده
اﻫﺪاف: ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻗﺪﺳﯽ، ﺟﻠﻮهای از زیﺒﺎیﯽﻫﺎی اﻟﻬﯽ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎرزی از ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ و ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻓﺮمﻫﺎی ﻧﻤﺎدیﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ و ﺑﺎورﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﯿﻖ اﻋﺘﻘﺎدی ﻣﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ایﻦ ارﺗﺒﺎط را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﻋﻤﯿﻖﺗﺮیﻦ ﻻیﻪﻫﺎی رازآﻟﻮد ﻣﺤﺮابﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺎن داﺷﺖ. ﻣﺤﺮاب ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮیﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻨﺎی ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در ﺗﺎریﺦ ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﺎت ﻣﻌﻤﺎری در ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻣﺤﺮابﻫﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﯿﻮه و ﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻘﺶﻣﺎیﻪﻫﺎ و ارزشﻫﺎی ﺧﻄﯽ و ﺧﻮشﻧﻮیﺴﯽ، ﺑﻬﺘﺮیﻦ و ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪﺗﺮیﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد را در ﺧﻮد ﺟﺎ دادهاﻧﺪ. ﻣﺤﺮاب اﻟﺠﺎیﺘﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﻨﺮ ﮔﭻﺑﺮی ﺑﻪﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در آن، در ردیﻒ زیﺒﺎﺗﺮیﻦ آﺛﺎر ﻋﺼﺮ ایﻠﺨﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ایﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﻮش ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺤﺮاب، ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎ، ﮐﻠﯿﺎت و ﺟﺰیﯿﺎت ﻧﻘﻮش و اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺳﺖ.

اﺑﺰار و روشﻫﺎ: از ﻃﺮیﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎیﯽ ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﺎت ﻣﺤﺮاب ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪایﻢ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده و از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰارﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻤﺎری اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

یﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﻮش و ﺗﺰیﯿﻨﺎت ﻣﺤﺮاب اﻟﺠﺎیﺘﻮ ﻧﺘﺎیﺞ زیﺮ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ: ۸۱ اﻟﮕﻮی ﻧﻘﻮش ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ از ﻧﻘﻮش ﻣﺤﺮاب اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻧﻘﻮش ۲۸% ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻞ اﻓﻘﯽ، ۲۲% دایﺮه، ۲۱% ﭘﻨﺞﺿﻠﻌﯽ، ۱۵% ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻞ ﻋﻤﻮدی، ۷% ﺳﺘﺎره، ۶% ﻣﺮﺑﻊ، و ۱% ﺷﻤﺴﻪ ﺑﻮد، ﮐﻪ اﮐﺜﺮیﺖ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﺴﺘﻈﯿﻞ اﻓﻘﯽ را ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ. ﺧﻂ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ در ﻧﻘﻮش ﻣﺤﺮاب اﻟﺠﺎیﺘﻮ ۱۰۰% از اﻟﮕﻮی ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻘﺎرن و ۱۵% ﺗﻘﺎرن ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﺮد . در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﻘﺎرن در ﻧﻘﻮش ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در ﻣﺤﺮاب، ۸۵% ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻋﻤﻮد ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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