ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺛﺮ ﭘﻼن ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺻﻔﻮی ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن

نوع مقاله : مروری تحلیلی

نویسندگان
ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺮﻣﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺎریﺨﯽ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﺮﻣﺖ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﻨﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ایﺮان
چکیده
در ﮔﺬر زﻣﺎن ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ایﺮاﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺗﻌﺪادﺗﺮیﻦ ﭘﻼن ﺑﻪﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ایﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻓﺮﻣﯽ ﺧﺎص ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺳﺎیﺮ ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﺮآیﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ایﺮاﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬیﺮی آﻧﻬﺎ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﻓﺰون ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎززﻧﺪهﺳﺎزی ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻫﻮیﺖ ﻓﺮاﻣﻮشﺷﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﮐﻬﻦ، ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬیﺮی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ را در ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﺮد. از ﺳﻮی دیﮕﺮ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از ایﻦ ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪﺳﺎزیﻫﺎی اﻣﺮوزی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎی ﻃﻮﻟﯽ و ﻋﺮﺿﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در ﻓﺮمﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎﻏﯽ و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان دیﮕﺮ در ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻮی رویﮑﺮد ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﻬﺸﺖ در ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ایﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮای ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦﺑﺎر ﻧﻘﺶ ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﻪ در ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎ را در ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﺮد و ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیﻪ داده ﻫﺎی ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای از یﮏﺳﻮ و داده ﻫﺎی ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ از ﺳﻮی دیﮕﺮ ﻧﻬﺎدیﻨﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ایﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ از زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﺑﻪ ویﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﮑﺮارﺷﻮﻧﺪه در ﻓﺮآیﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ایﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﻌﯽ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ را در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در دوره ﺻﻔﻮی آﺷﮑﺎر ﺳﺎزد. در ایﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ، ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ واژه ﻫﺎ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎیﯽ اﻧﻮاع ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ویﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﺸﺘﺮک و ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت در ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎ آﺷﮑﺎر ﮐﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻃﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮض ﻓﻀﺎی ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﮐﺮتﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎیﮐﻬﻦ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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