رویکردی تحلیلی بر کیفیت نور طبیعی در فضای گنبدخانه مسجد سپهسالار (مدرسه شهید مطهری)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
سیدحسام‌الدین طبیبیان 1
فرح حبیب 2
سیدامیرحسین گرکانی 3
1 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎر ی، واﺣﺪ ﭘﺮدیس، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﭘﺮدیﺲ، ایران
2 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، واﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، ایران
3 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، واﺣﺪ ﭘﺮدیس، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﭘﺮدیﺲ، ایران
چکیده
نور ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪه روﺷﻨﺎیﯽ در ﺑﻨﺎی ﺗﺎریخی ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎی داﺧﻠﯽ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﻪﺳﺰایی داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻌﻤﺎران ایراﻧﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻮر را ﺑﺎ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪی ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻫﺪایت ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﺑﺪین ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ایجاد ﻓﻀﺎیی از ﻧﻮر و ﺗﺎریکی، ﻓﻀﺎی یکپارﭼﻪای را ﺑﺪون اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ و ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﺠﺰا ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺳﺌﻮال اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ این اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ در ﻓﻀﺎی ﮔﻨﺒﺪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺑﺎ ایجاد ﺳﺎیه و روﺷﻦ و ﺗﺎریکی، ﻓﻀﺎﺳﺎزی ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﻮر در ایجاد ﺣﺲ ﻗﺪاﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﺮاب اﺻﻠﯽ ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟. ﺑﻪ این ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی ﻧﻮرﺳﻨﺠﯽ، ﻧﻮر ﻓﻀﺎی ﺷﺒﺴﺘﺎن و ﻣﺤﺮاب ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮی و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار دیاﻟﻮﮐﺲ ۷ ﺳﯿﺮ ﻧﻮر ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ در ﮐﻞ ﺳﺎل ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزی و ﺑﻪ واﮐﺎوی و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎیج ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان درﺧﺸﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﻮر در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ روزﻫﺎی ﺳﺎل در زﻣﺎن اذان ﻇﻬﺮ در ﻣﺤﺮاب ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮین درﺟﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰایش ﺣﺲ ﻗﺪاﺳﺖ و ارﺗﻘﺎی ﻓﻀﺎی ﻣﻌﻨﻮی ﻣﺤﺮاب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﻓﻀﺎی ﮔﻨﺒﺪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دیوارﻫﺎی ﺟﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪه، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮر ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدی ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎی ﻧﻮرﺳﻨﺠﯽ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﻮر ﺑﺮای رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ رویکرد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺟﺎیگاه ﻧﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﻮی در ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﺳﺖ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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