زیبایی رسانه‌ای فناوری ساخت در آثار منتخب از بناهای یادمانی معماری معاصر ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 دانشجو دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد گروه معماری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
اهداف: کارکرد زیباشناسانه فرم بنا یکی از دغدغه های طراح بناهای یادمانی است که عموماً تحت الشعاع مسائل متعدی مانند شرایط اقتصادی، سیاسی و فرهنگی قرار می‌گیرد. هدف تحقیق، بحث در چگونگی تاثیر مصالح و فناوری ساخت بر زیبایی با تکیه بر موضوع هویتِ عینی فرم به عنوان یکی از کلیدی‌ترین موضوعات در این زمینه است. هدف دیگر،بررسی تاثیر مصالح و فناوری ساخت بر کارکرد زیباشناسانه فرم بناهای یادمانی است.

روش‌ها:برای پردازش پیچیدگی، ابتدا از نتایج تحقیقی که به شیوه‌ی استدلال منطقی، چارچوبِ نظریِ سیستم‌های اجتماعی لومان که مدعی کاهش پیچیدگی از طریق تفکیک و تمایز است، را به هنر معماری تعمیم داده است، استفاده شد؛ سپس به شیوه‌ی دیمتل میزان تاثیر هر یک از شاخصه‌ها و روابط بین آنها مشخص می شود.

یافته‌ها: یافته های بر اساس روش فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی، تاثیر فاکتورهای موثر بر زیبایی فرم بررسی گردید و چهار بنای یادمانی، بر این اساس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و رتبه بندی شدند. یافته ها در نمونه‌های موردی آرمگاه‌های خیام،بوعلی،نادر و باباطاهر، در ارکان خودارجاعی (عناصر بصری و عناصر ارتباطی)، دگرارجاعی (عناصر ذهنی)، و فهم (عناصر عملی) تحلیل شدند.

نتیجه گیری: مصالح، تاثیرگذارترین معیار و شکل تاثیرپذیرترین معیار در انتخاب فرم زیبا است در شرایطی که مصالح نوین از طریق فناوری ساخت موجب ایجاد شکل جدید شود و یا مصالح سنتی به شیوه‌ای نوین به کار گرفته شوند تاثیر مثبتی در زیبایی فرم خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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