A Critical Reading of the Decline of Contemporary Heritage in Iranian Cities: Reproducing Placelessness at the Intersection of Globalization and Identity Erosion

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mehdi Niknam 1
Maryam Sayyar Rezvan 2
Shabnam Shirini Bonab 3
1 Postdoctoral Researcher in Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 M.A. in Architecture, Roshdyeh Non Governmental Higher Education Institute, Tabriz, Iran
3 M.A. in Architecture, Department of Art and Architecture, Payame Noor University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
10.48311/bsnt.2026.123947.83006
Abstract
Aims: Globalization, as a major driver of contemporary transformations, has altered various dimensions of urban life, including spatial structures, physical morphology, and the semantic systems of cities. In Iran, this process—driven by the influx of transnational design models and advanced construction technologies—has left profound impacts on the identity of urban architecture. Aiming to critically examine the consequences of globalization on the identity of Iranian urban architecture, this study investigates how urban identity components transform across both physical and perceptual levels. This transformation threatens not only historical fabrics but also the valuable layers of contemporary architectural and urban heritage (of the past century) with semantic erosion and physical decay.
Methods: Employing a descriptive-analytical approach based on documentary studies and theoretical frameworks related to globalization, place identity, placelessness, and critical regionalism, this paper seeks to elucidate the mechanisms through which this process impacts Iranian urban architecture.
Findings: While globalization has facilitated the transfer of knowledge, technology, and novel design paradigms, the absence of identity-oriented policies has largely resulted in weakened cultural legibility and degraded identity qualities in urban spaces. The findings indicate that the infiltration of global patterns—devoid of a genuine dialogue with cultural contexts and indigenous architectural principles—has fostered unresponsive spaces, a rupture in collective memory, and spatial alienation. Consequently, this necessitates a redefinition of contemporary heritage capacities as a vital link between historical continuity and spatial contemporaneity.
Conclusion: Accordingly, the necessity of rethinking the relationship between contemporaneity, regionalism, and identity within Iranian urban architecture becomes increasingly evident.
Keywords
Contemporary Architectural and Urban Heritage
Modern Heritage
Urban Identity
Globalization
Highperformance Architecture Theory
Critical Regionalism
Islamic-Iranian Identity
Islamic City
Contemporary Urbanism
Subjects
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  • Receive Date 26 July 2026
  • Revise Date 07 November 2026
  • Accept Date 09 November 2026