ارایه اﻟﮕﻮیی ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی دیوارﻫﺎی آﺟﺮی ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﻠﺢ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوری ﮐﺎﺑﻞﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی

نوع مقاله : مروری تحلیلی

نویسندگان
ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری و ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزی، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ تبریز، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
ﭼﮑﻴﺪه: ایران یکی از ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی زﻟﺰﻟﻪﺧﯿﺰ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻓﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ زﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺎریخی و ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﺑﯽﺷﻤﺎر ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. یکی از دﻻیل ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ بنایی، ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﺎزهای آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ. یکی از راهﺣﻞﻫﺎ، ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی و ﺑﻬﺴﺎزی ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎی این ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻧﯿﺮوی ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ زﻟﺰﻟﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﺰینه ﮐﻤﺘﺮی را درﺑﺮﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎی ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻨﺎیﯽ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر زیادی از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎی ﺟﻬﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادهاﻧﺪ. این ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎ دارای وزن زیاد، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ و ﺷﮑﻞﭘﺬیری ﭘﺎیینی ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ زﻟﺰﻟﻪ آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬیر ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﻟﺬا ﺑﺎید ﺗﻘﻮیت ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬیری ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن از ﮔﺰﻧﺪ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎی زﻟﺰﻟﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از روشﻫﺎی ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی ﻧﻮین، دﺧﺎﻟﺖﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﮑﺮه ﺑﻨﺎ و ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﻪویژه از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺑﺼﺮی ﺑﺮ ﺟﺎی ﻣﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﻀﺎد و ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﺷﮑﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺮای ﮐﻢارج و ﺑﻬﺎﮐﺮدن آن اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ یک روش ﺟﺪید ﺑﺮای ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی ﻟﺮزهای ﺑﺮای دیوارﻫﺎی آﺟﺮی ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﻠﺢ اﺳﺖ. در این ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی این ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮی از ﻓﻨﺎوری ﮐﺎﺑﻞﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی ﺑﺎ اوﻟﻮیت ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری و ازﺑﯿﻦﺑﺮدن ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﻌﺎیب ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ درﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺗﻘﻮیت و ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزی ﻓﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل و ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﻮازن و ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﺎیی، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. در ﭘﺎیان این روش، ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻋﺪدی و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SAP روی دیوار آﺟﺮی ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدی ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﻧﺘﺎیج ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺷﯽ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻟﺮزهای این ﻧﻮع دیوارﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دیوارﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ اﻓﺰایش ﻣﯽیاﺑﺪ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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