Volume 14, Issue 4 (2025)                   Naqshejahan 2025, 14(4): 1-24 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Ramezani M, Yazdanfar S, Sahragardmonfared N. Assessment of the Quality Components of Semi-Open Spaces in Contemporary Resindential Architecural Works. Naqshejahan 2025; 14 (4) :1-24
URL: http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-74694-en.html
1- MSc of Architecture, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Architecture, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
3- Assistant Professor of Architecture, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran , neda_monfared@iust.ac.ir
Abstract:   (563 Views)
Aims: In contemporary residential architecture, semi-open spaces have lost their quality as one of the essential spaces of a home. Therefore, the aim of this research is identifing the components that increase the quality of semi-open residential spaces and assessing the level of intersections and differentiation of these components in literature review and contemporary residential architecture of the country.

Methods: The components of semi-open spaces were identified using a descriptive method, and then 30 case studies in IRAN were evaluated using a cese study method. The frequency and weight of the components were obtained based on Shannon's entropy in the literature and case studies. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was conducted between the prioritization of components between literature review and case studies.

Findings: the intersectional components of semi open space include diverse activities and spaces, desirable activities, view, interaction with environment, privacy and natural elements, adjacency to interior spaces, spatial dimensions - height, spatial proportions, openness, materials, and spatial construction elements. The semantic differentiations are as follow social interaction, safety, and comfort are protorized in the literature review, while aesthetic components such as restraint, visual continuity, and beauty are protorized in case studies. The physical differentiations are such that the literature emphasizes the physical structure, including surface areas, porosity, spaciousness, and depth of space, whereas the case studies illustrate a superiority of aesthetic considerations, involving color, volumetric balance, and form.

Conclusion: After considering the intersectional semantic and physical components as primary design imperatives, the differences indicate that what is crucial in enhancing the quality of semi-open spaces in contemporary residential works is desires, housing budgets, and socio-cultural requirements of diverse contexts.
 
Full-Text [PDF 3625 kb]   (217 Downloads)    
Article Type: Original Research | Subject: Highperformance Architecture
Received: 2024/04/15 | Accepted: 2024/07/13 | Published: 2025/01/20

References
1. Yakhchali S., Sahragard Monfared N.S. and Bahramian S.A., Investigating Variations in Space Syntax Indicators for Semi-Open Spaces and their Effect on the Functional Efficiency of Housing (Traditional and Modern Houses of Isfahan, Iran), Armanshahr, 41(15), 181-196, 2023. [Persion]. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_168910.html?lang=en [Article]
4. Mehrabiun Mohammadi F., Beigzadeh Shahraki H.R. and Omidvari S., Typology of Semi-open Spaces in the Vernacular Houses of the Safavid and Qajar Periods of Naein Historic City, Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate, 13, 1-21, 2021. [Persion]. https://smb.yazd.ac.ir/article_2330.html?lang=en [Article]
5. Sasani M., Einifar A. and Zabihi H., An Anthropological Study of "in-between Space" in the Traditional and Contemporary Houses in Shiraz City, Iranian Journal of Anthropology Research, 1(5), 69-80, 2016. [Persion]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/254545/en [Article]
6. Maddahi S.M., Esfandiani Moghaddam E., Abbasi L. and Bemani Naeini M., Analytical Comparison of Residential Semi-open Areas on the Formation of Lifestyle and Behavioral System of Residents in Traditional Houses and Present Housing, Case Study: Mashhad City, Armanshahr, 25(11), 149-161, 2018. [Persion]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/202503/en [Article]
7. Amuzegar, M., Vakilinezhad, R., Aliabadi, M. Typology of Tarmeh as a Semi-open Space in Vernacular Architecture of Bushehr. pazhoheshha-ye Bastan shenasi Iran, 2021; 11(30): 271-290. https://doi.org/10.22084/nb.2020.22053.2170 [Article] [DOI]
8. Raheb G. and Nazari M., A Study on Semi Open-private Spaces Function in Residential Units of Tehran, Armanshahr, 21(10), 39-48, 2014. [Persion]. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_58554.html [Article]
9. Shahpouri F. and Moztarzadeh H., Investigating the Interaction between User And Semi-open Spaces in Contemporary Residential Units Using Space Syntax, Journal of Architectural Thought, 12, 133-149, 2022. [Persion]. https://at.journals.ikiu.ac.ir/article_2741.html?lang=en [Article]
10. Abasi M, Tahbaz M, Vafaee R. Introducing an Innovative Variable Building Layers System (V.B.L.S). Naqshejahan - Basic Studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2015 Jun 10;5(2):43-54. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1394.5.2.1.4. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-4530-en.html [Article]
11. Abedini H, Ayvazian S, Diba D. Explaining the Theoretical Model for the Role of Architecture in Enhancing the Physical Qualities of Public Spaces as Contemporary Urban Heritage. Naqshejahan - Basic Studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2024; 14(3):43-62. [Persian] Available at: http://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-75267-fa.html [Article]
12. Mohammadi Mazraeh H. The Role of the Function of Semi-Open Space in the Structure and Architecture of the Native Buildings of Bandar-Lengeh, Journal of Urban Ecology Research Vol 13, No. 2, Series 27, 1-18, Summer 2022. https://doi.org/10.30473/grup.2022.58150.2607 [Article] [DOI]
13. Tayebikhah S, Bokharaei S. Investigating of physical attributes on residential restorativesness (Balcony case study), Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning, 4(24), 93-108, 2019. [Persion]. https://jfaup.ut.ac.ir/article_79617.html [Article]
14. Abodollahzadeh SM, Heidari S, Einifar A. The investigation of thermal adaptation in apartments in hot and dry climate: A study on thermal comfort and thermal behavior in apartments in Shiraz. Naqshejahan - Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2021 Nov 10;11(3):33-48. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1400.11.3.2.9. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-48707-en.html [Article]
15. Aghaeimehr M, Gharehbaglou M. Identity-Based Contemporization; Case Study: Iran Contemporary Urban Districts in Pahlavi Era. Naqshejahan - Basic Studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2020 May 10;10(1):11-18. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1399.10.1.5.1. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-39835-en.html [Article]
16. Khakzand M. Baghalian A. Investigation of Influential Parameters on Improvement of Social Interaction in Open and Semi open Areas of Residential Complexes (a Case Study: Zone 22 of Tehran Municipality), Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, 11, 19-28, 2015. [Persion]. https://www.isau.ir/article_62014.html [Article]
17. Nahvi, N., Rahimzadeh, M., Saedvandi, M., Understanding Harim in Architecture with a Phenomenological Approach, Maremat & Me’mari-e Iran, Vol 11 No.26, 35-48, Summer 2021. https://doi.org/10.29252/mmi.1655.13990623 [Article] [DOI]
18. Ahmadi J, Mahdavinejad M, Kalyanova Larsen O, Aram F, Oghazian F, Mosavi A. A Compendious Investigation of Double Skin Façade Structural Element Impacts on Flow and Heat Transfer in Hot-Dry Climates. Available at SSRN 4449201. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4449201 [Article] [DOI]
19. Hedayat A, Eshrati P, Karimi B. A Study of the Effect of Outdoor Semi-open Space on the Quality of the Residential Environment (Case Study: Apartment in Bushehr City), Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, 2(11), 57-76, 2020. [Persion]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/370553/en [Article]
20. Valiani K, Gharaati M, Shahbazi B. Redefining In-between Space in Residential Apartments, Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, 14, 145-156, 2017. [Persion]. https://www.isau.ir/article_62071.html [Article] [DOI]
21. Sajjadi Ghaem Maghami P., Poordeihimi S. and Zarghami E., Principles of Social Sustainability in Residential Complexes, From the Perspective of Iranian Experts, Soffeh, 51, 75-87, 2010. [Persion]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/94391/en [Article]
22. Mahmoudi A. A Review of the Role of the EIVAN in the Traditional Persian Home, Honar-ha-ye Ziba, 2005; 22(22): no.468, 53-62. https://jhz.ut.ac.ir/article_10738.html [Article]
23. Madani R, Shafaei M. Principle Patterns for Designing” Near Home Area” As a Compensation of Minimal Housing. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 2014; 6(11): 153-165. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33472.html?lang=en [Article]
24. Najjar Azali N., Long Live the Neighbor of the Sky; A Reflection on Apartment Life and Social Interaction, Kooche Magazine, no 3, 44 -48, 2020. https://koochemag.ir/2020/09/28/ [Article]
25. Ahmadi M, Ansari M, Bemanian M. Geometric Data Mining and Shape Grammar of Relationship between House and Islamic Iranian Lifestyle. Naqshejahan - Basic Studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2021 Apr 10;11(1):1-14. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1400.11.1.6.9. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-47403-en.html [Article]
26. Alidoust Masouleh S, Ansari M, Bemanian M, Haghighatbin M. Using Space Syntax to Analyze Behavior Setting; Case Study: Neighborhood Parks in District 5 of Tehran Municipality. Naqshejahan-Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2022 Jan 10;11(4):1-24. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1400.11.4.2.1. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-55837-en.html [Article]
27. Omidvari S, Hamzenejad M, Omidvari E. An Analysis of the Typology of Semi-Open Spatial Elements in Islamic Houses; Case Study: Yazd houses (Qajar period) and Damascus houses (Ottoman period). Journal of Studies Iranian Islamic City, 2021; 42(11): 19-32. https://www.sid.ir/paper/410930/en [Article]
28. Ahmadnejad F, Mohammadian M, Ahani A. Investigating the Relationship between the Quality of Open and Semi-open Spaces in Residential Houses and the Level of People's Sense of Satisfaction in the Conditions of the Quarantine of the Covid-19 Disease(Case example: Mashhad and Tabriz). The 7th Annual International Congress of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Development in Tehran, 2021; 42(11): 1-22 https://www.sid.ir/paper/410930/en [Article]
29. Arghiani M, Mirhashmi SM. An Evaluation of Effective Factors that Increase Attachement to a Place in Open Spaces in Residential Complexes, Maremat & Me’mari-e Iran Vol 12 No.29 Spring 2022, 89-105, 2022. https://doi.org/10.52547/mmi.1797.14000625 [Article] [DOI]
30. Sami P, Jalalian S, Dejdar O. A Comparative Study of the Effects of Light on the Sense of Place in Traditional and Contemporary Houses, Armanshahr, 31(13), 97-109, 2018. [Persion]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/376026/en [Article]
31. Heidari AA, Motalebi G, Negintaji F., Analysis of the Physical Sense of Place in the Traditional Houses and Modern Residential Apartments, Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning, 3 (19), 75-86, 2014. [Persion]. https://jfaup.ut.ac.ir/article_55409.html [Article]
32. Krebs J. Basics Design and Living. Berlin, Boston: Birkhäuser, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783035623185 [Article] [DOI]
33. Kaffashzade M, Sabri L. The Study of Desirability of Private Semi open Spaces From the Residents’ Point of View (Case Study: Residential Apartments in Sabzevar), Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate, 13, 195-215, 2014. [Persion]. https://smb.yazd.ac.ir/article_2280.html [Article]
34. Einifar A, Aliniay Motlagh A. Explaining the Concept of Outside-Inside in In-Between Spaces of Apartment Housing “The Case Study of Balcony in Three Types of Tehran Residential Complexes, Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning, 2 (19), 55-66, 2014. [Persion]. https://jfaup.ut.ac.ir/article_55391.html [Article]
35. Shahpouri F, Moztarzadeh H. Investigating the Interaction Between User and Semi-open Spaces in Contemporary Residential Units Using Space Syntax. Journal of Architectural Thought, 6(12): 133-149. 2022, https://doi.org/10.30479/at.2022.16078.1794 [Article] [DOI]
36. Khanmohammadi M, Azimi S, Rahmanei Y, Hosseini M. Studying the Qualitative and Quantitative Roles of Ivan in Traditional Houses and Revitalization of them in the Shape of the Terrace (Case Study: mid-rise Apartments in Tehran), Hoviateshahr ,26, 21-32, 2016. [Persion]. http://ensani.ir/fa/article/488235/ [Article]
37. Philokyprou M., Michael A. and Malaktou E., A typological, Environmental and Socio-Cultural Study of Semi-open Spaces in the Eastern Mediterranean Vernacular Architecture: The Case of Cyprus, Frontiers of Architectural Research 10, 483-501, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2021.03.001 [Article] [DOI]
38. Molaei Hashjin M, Karimi Azeri A, Karimi B, Mahdinejad J. Vitality analysis in Residential Complex Spaces (Impact Concept, Components, and Indices). Urban Planning Knowledge, 5(1), 113-129, 2021. https://doi.org/10.22124/upk.2021.17094.1517 [Article] [DOI]
39. Molaei P, Hashempour P. Maggie Tang L. Semi-open Spaces of Apartments Considering COVID-19 Pandemic: General Expectations of Balcony Design in the Post-pandemic World, Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2021.2021385 [Article] [DOI]
40. Attarian K, SafarAli Najar B. Defining Sustainability Characteristics for Residential Buildings in Hot and Humid Climate (Case Study: Traditional Houses of Ahwaz). Naqshejahan - Basic Studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2018 Dec 10;8(3):161-170. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1397.8.3.3.9. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-30718-en.html [Article]
41. Heidarzadeh S, Mahdavinejad M, Habib F. External shading and its effect on the energy efficiency of Tehran's office buildings. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy. 2023 May 17:e14185. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.14185 [Article] [DOI]
42. Karimi F, Jalilisadrabad S, Borji F. Investigating the Effect of Adaptive Reuse of Historic Buildings on Environmental Sustainability; Case Study: Kazemian House in Tehran. Naqshejahan-Basic studies and New Technologies of Architecture and Planning. 2021 Jul 10;11(2):66-85. [Persian] https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23224991.1400.11.2.4.9. Available at: https://bsnt.modares.ac.ir/article-2-53057-en.html [Article]
43. Keshtkar GA, Ansari M, Nazi DS. Developing green roof system in accordance with sustainable development. Hoviateshahr, 2010; 4(6): 15-28. [Persian] Available at: http://hoviatshahr.srbiau.ac.ir/article_1119.html [Article]
44. Mahdavinejad M, Zia A, Larki AN, Ghanavati S, Elmi N. Dilemma of green and pseudo green architecture based on LEED norms in case of developing countries. International journal of sustainable built environment, 2014 Dec 1;3(2):235-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2014.06.003. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212609014000351?via%3Dihub [Article] [DOI]
45. Pourjafar MR, Pourjafar A. Sustainable urban design; past, present & future case study: Darabad river valley. Scientia Iranica. 2016 Oct 1;23(5):2057-66. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2016.2270. Available at: https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_2270.html [Article] [DOI]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.